The nurse assessing a client hospitalized with a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism notes positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. The nurse determines that these findings most indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

Hypernatremia

Hypermagnesemia

Hypocalcemia

Hypokalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypernatremia, an elevated sodium level, does not cause Trousseau's or Chvostek's signs.

B. Hypermagnesemia, an elevated magnesium level, is not associated with positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs.

C. Hypocalcemia, a low calcium level, is commonly associated with positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. Trousseau's sign is a carpopedal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff, while Chvostek's sign is facial twitching in response to tapping over the facial nerve. Both are indicative of neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.

D. Hypokalemia, a low potassium level, does not cause these specific signs and is associated with different clinical manifestations.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Epoetin alfa is used to stimulate the production of red blood cells, so an increase in hematocrit levels would indicate a therapeutic effect. This is particularly important in clients with chronic renal disease, who often suffer from anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys.

B. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a nonspecific measure of inflammation and is not used to monitor the effectiveness of epoetin alfa therapy.

C. The leukocyte count measures white blood cells and is not affected by or used to assess the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.

D. The platelet count measures platelets in the blood and is not related to the therapeutic effects of epoetin alfa, which targets red blood cell production.

A. "I’ll soak my feet in cool water every night before I go to bed." B. "I’ll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet." C. "I’ll check my feet every day for sores a bruises." D. "I’ll wear sandals in warm weather."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Soaking the feet is not recommended for clients with diabetes, as it can lead to skin breakdown and increase the risk of infection.

B. While applying lotion to the feet is recommended to keep the skin moisturized, lotion should not be applied between the toes, as this can create a moist environment that promotes fungal infections.

C. Checking the feet daily for sores, bruises, and other injuries is crucial for clients with diabetes to prevent complications like infections and ulcers, which can lead to serious outcomes like amputations if not treated promptly.

D. Wearing sandals exposes the feet to potential injuries and is not recommended for clients with diabetes. It is better to wear well-fitting, closed-toe shoes that provide protection.

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The nurse assessing a client hospitalized with a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism notes positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. The nurse determines that these findings most indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is teaching about disease management for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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