The most common adverse effect of epoetin alfa is:

A. Use a 22-gauge needle to inject the medication.

This is inappropriate. Subcutaneous injections typically require a smaller gauge needle, usually between 25 to 30 gauge, to minimize tissue damage and discomfort. A 22-gauge needle is too large for subcutaneous injections and is more appropriate for intramuscular injections.

B. Inject the medication into the abdomen above the level of the iliac crest.

This is appropriate. The preferred site for subcutaneous heparin injection is the abdomen, avoiding areas near the umbilicus by at least 2 inches. Injecting above the level of the iliac crest is appropriate as it ensures the medication is administered into the subcutaneous tissue where it can be properly absorbed. The abdomen is chosen due to its ample subcutaneous tissue and relatively few large blood vessels, reducing the risk of bleeding and bruising.

C. Massage the injection site after administration of the medication.

This is inappropriate. Massaging the injection site after administering heparin is not recommended as it can cause bruising and increase the risk of bleeding. Heparin is an anticoagulant, and massaging the site can disrupt the tissue and lead to complications.

D. Use a 1-inch needle to inject the medication.

This is inappropriate. A 1-inch needle is generally used for intramuscular injections, not subcutaneous injections. For subcutaneous injections, a shorter needle (usually 3/8 to 5/8 inch) is sufficient to reach the subcutaneous tissue without penetrating too deeply into muscle tissue.

To find the volume of amoxicillin solution the nurse needs to administer, we can divide the desired dose (300 mg) by the concentration of the solution (250 mg/5 mL).

Here's the calculation:

Amoxicillin volume (mL) = Desired dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL) Amoxicillin volume (mL) = 300 mg / 250 mg/5 mL

Since we're dividing by a fraction, it's mathematically equivalent to multiply by the reciprocal of the fraction. The reciprocal of 250 mg/5 mL is 5 mL/250 mg.

Amoxicillin volume (mL) = 300 mg * (5 mL / 250 mg)

Cancel out the milligrams (mg) units:

Amoxicillin volume (mL) = 300 mg / 250 mg * 5 mL

Amoxicillin volume (mL) = 1.2 mL (rounded to one decimal place)

However, since we are dealing with medication, it's best to round to the nearest whole number for accuracy in administering the dose.

Therefore, the nurse should administer 6.0 mL of amoxicillin oral solution.