The client has been prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for the treatment of edema. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects.
Hypertension.
Hypoglycemia.
Hyperkalemia.
Hypotension.
The Correct Answer is D
Furosemide is a diuretic that lowers blood pressure by increasing urine output and reducing fluid volume in the body.
One of the possible adverse effects of furosemide is hypotension, which is low blood pressure.
This can cause symptoms such as dizziness, faintness, confusion, or weakness.
The nurse should monitor the client’s blood pressure and report any signs of hypotension to the doctor.
Choice A is wrong because hypertension, which is high blood pressure, is not a common side effect of furosemide.
In fact, furosemide is used to treat hypertension in some cases.
Choice B is wrong because hypoglycemia, which is low blood sugar, is not a common side effect of furosemide.
Furosemide does not affect blood sugar levels directly.
However, it may interact with some medications that lower blood sugar, such as insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs.
The nurse should check the client’s medication history and monitor their blood sugar levels if they are taking any of these drugs.
Choice C is wrong because hyperkalemia, which is high potassium levels in the blood, is not a common side effect of furosemide.
Furosemide belongs to a class of diuretics called loop diuretics, which lower potassium levels by increasing its excretion in the urine.
One of the possible adverse effects of furosemide is hypokalemia, which is low potassium levels in the blood.
This can cause symptoms such as muscle cramps, weakness, irregular heartbeat, or numbness.
The nurse should monitor the client’s potassium levels and advise them to eat foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, oranges, or potatoes.
Normal ranges for blood pressure are 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg.
Normal ranges for blood sugar are 4.0 mmol/L to 7.8 mmol/L (72 mg/dL to 140 mg/dL).
Normal ranges for potassium are 3.5 mmol/L to 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 mEq/L to 5.0 mEq/L).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: This hypotonic saline solution is often used after initial resuscitation, especially when the patient’s serum sodium is normal or elevated. It helps replace intracellular fluid losses and provides ongoing hydration without excessively increasing sodium levels. It is typically administered once the initial intravascular volume is restored with isotonic fluids.
Choice B reason: This isotonic saline solution is the first-line intravenous fluid used in DKA. It helps expand intravascular volume quickly, restore tissue perfusion, and correct hypovolemia caused by osmotic diuresis. It is given initially as a bolus, followed by continuous infusion until the patient is stabilized.
Choice C reason: This dextrose-containing solution is introduced once blood glucose falls to approximately 200–250 mg/dL. At this point, insulin therapy must continue to clear ketones and correct acidosis, but dextrose is added to prevent hypoglycemia. It is usually combined with saline (e.g., D5 0.45% NS) to balance hydration and glucose support.
Choice D reason: This balanced electrolyte solution is not typically the preferred fluid in DKA management because the lactate component may complicate interpretation of acid–base status. Although it can expand volume, it is generally avoided in favor of saline solutions that more directly address dehydration and electrolyte imbalance in DKA.
Choice E reason: This form of insulin is the only type used intravenously in DKA. A continuous infusion of regular insulin is essential to reduce blood glucose, suppress ketone production, and correct metabolic acidosis. It is carefully titrated with close monitoring of electrolytes, especially potassium, since insulin drives potassium into cells and can cause hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is ["23"]
Explanation
The correct answer is 22.5 mL.
To find the amount of mL, use the formula: (desired dose / available dose) x available volume.
In this case, desired dose = 30 mEq, available dose = 20 mEq, and available volume = 15 mL.
Plug these values into the formula: (30 mEq / 20 mEq) x 15 mL = 22.5 mL.
However, since the instructions say to round to the nearest whole number for adult clients, the final answer is 23 mL.
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