What is the term for an excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood as a result of kidney insufficiency?
Azotemia.
Uremia.
Anuria.
Oliguria.
The Correct Answer is B
Uremia is a condition where there is an excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood, usually excreted by the kidneys into the urine. It occurs when the kidneys stop filtering toxins out through your urine and can be a sign of end-stage renal (kidney) disease.
Choice A is wrong because azotemia is the buildup of nitrogen waste products in the blood, not urea.
Choice C is wrong because anuria is the absence or reduction of urine output.
Choice D is wrong because oliguria is the low output of urine.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Acute renal injury (ARI) is a term for a reversible syndrome that results in decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and oliguria. GFR is a measure of how well the kidneys filter blood and oliguria is a condition of producing less than normal amounts of urine.
Choice B is wrong because chronic renal injury (CRI) is not a reversible syndrome, but a progressive loss of kidney function over months or years.
Choice C is wrong because end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is not a reversible syndrome, but a condition where the kidneys have lost most or all of their function and dialysis or transplantation is required.
Choice D is wrong because acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is not a term for a syndrome, but a specific type of acute kidney injury that involves damage to the tubules, the part of the nephron that reabsorbs water and solutes from the filtrate.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is A. 42 mL/h.
Choice A: 42 mL/h
Reason: To calculate the IV rate, we use the formula: IV rate (mL/h) = Total volume (mL) ÷ Total time (hours). For this problem, the total volume is 1000 mL and the total time is 24 hours. Therefore, the calculation is 1000 mL ÷ 24 hours = 41.6667 mL/h. When rounded to the nearest whole number, the IV rate is 42 mL/h. This makes 42 mL/h the correct answer.
Choice B: 44 mL/h
Reason: This choice is incorrect because it does not match the calculated IV rate. The calculation of 1000 mL ÷ 24 hours results in 41.6667 mL/h, which rounds to 42 mL/h, not 44 mL/h. Therefore, 44 mL/h is not a valid option based on the given data.
Choice C: 46 mL/h
Reason: This choice is also incorrect. The calculated IV rate of 41.6667 mL/h, when rounded to the nearest whole number, is 42 mL/h. There is no mathematical basis for rounding up to 46 mL/h from 41.6667 mL/h, making this choice invalid.
Choice D: 48 mL/h
Reason: This choice is incorrect as well. The correct calculation yields 41.6667 mL/h, which rounds to 42 mL/h. There is no justification for rounding up to 48 mL/h. This choice does not align with the calculated and rounded IV rate.
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