The client has an IV of dextrose 5% in 0.45% normal saline. The physician has ordered a transfusion of one unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs).
Before hanging the blood, the nurse will prime the blood tubing with which of the following solutions?
0.9% sodium chloride.
Lactated Ringer's.
5% dextrose.
5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride.
5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride.
The Correct Answer is A
This is the only solution that is isotonic and compatible with blood products. It will not cause hemolysis or clotting of the blood cells.
Choice B is wrong because lactated Ringer’s is a balanced electrolyte solution that contains calcium, which can cause clotting of the blood cells.
Choice C is wrong because 5% dextrose is a hypotonic solution that can cause hemolysis of the blood cells.
Choice D is wrong because 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution that can cause hemolysis of the blood cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Sodium is the major extracellular electrolyte in the body.
It is responsible for maintaining the extracellular fluid volume, and also for regulation of the membrane potential of cells.
Sodium is exchanged along with potassium across cell membranes as part of active transport.
Choice B is wrong because potassium is mainly an intracellular ion.
It is important for nerve and muscle function, but it is not the predominant electrolyte in the extracellular fluid.
Choice C is wrong because calcium is not the major electrolyte in the extracellular fluid.
Calcium is mostly found in bones and teeth, where it forms a mineral reserve with phosphate.
Calcium also plays a role in muscle contraction, blood clotting, and enzyme activity.
Choice D is wrong because magnesium is not the major electrolyte in the extracellular fluid.
Magnesium is mostly found in bones, where it helps to stabilize the structure of ATP2.
Magnesium also participates in enzyme reactions, nerve and muscle function, and protein synthesis.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
These are all signs and symptoms of hypokalemia, which is a condition where the blood potassium level is too low. This can affect the function of the muscles, nerves, and heart. Therefore, the nurse would expect to find these signs and symptoms in a client with dehydration and hypokalemia.
Choice C is wrong because hyperreflexia is not a sign or symptom of hypokalemia.
Hyperreflexia is a condition where the reflexes are exaggerated or overactive.
This can be caused by conditions such as spinal cord injury, stroke, or electrolyte imbalances such as hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia.
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