The client has a history of renal failure and is receiving hemodialysis. The nurse should monitor for which electrolyte imbalance.
Hyperkalemia.
Hypokalemia.
Hyponatremia.
Hypernatremia.
The Correct Answer is A
This is because hemodialysis removes excess fluid and waste products from the blood, but it also removes some electrolytes, such as potassium.
Potassium is important for nerve and muscle function, especially the heart.
If potassium levels are too high or too low, it can cause irregular heartbeat or cardiac arrest.
Choice B is wrong because hypokalemia means low potassium levels, which is unlikely in renal failure unless there is excessive potassium loss from diarrhea, vomiting or diuretics.
Choice C is wrong because hyponatremia means low sodium levels, which can occur in renal failure due to fluid retention, but it is not directly related to hemodialysis.
Choice D is wrong because hypernatremia means high sodium levels, which can occur in renal failure due to reduced urine output, but it is also not directly related to hemodialysis.
Normal ranges for electrolytes are: Potassium: 3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L
Sodium: 135 to 145 mmol/L
Calcium: 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL
Chloride: 96 to 106 mmol/L
Magnesium: 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL
Phosphate: 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL
Bicarbonate: 22 to 29 mmol/L
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication after bladder cancer surgery, especially if the patient has an indwelling urinary catheter.
A UTI can cause symptoms such as fever, pain, burning or urgency when urinating, blood in the urine, or cloudy or foul-smelling urine.
Choice A is wrong because urinary retention (the inability to empty the bladder completely) is unlikely to occur with an indwelling catheter, which drains urine continuously.
Choice B is wrong because urinary incontinence (the loss of bladder control) is more likely to occur after partial or radical cystectomy, which remove part or all of the bladder, respectively.
In these cases, reconstructive surgery is needed to create a new way for urine to leave the body.
Choice D is wrong because urinary urgency (the sudden and strong need to urinate) is also more likely to occur after partial or radical cystectomy, which can affect the nerves and muscles that control urination.
Urinary urgency can also be a symptom of a UTI, but it’s not the only one.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is the only solution that is isotonic and compatible with blood products. It will not cause hemolysis or clotting of the blood cells.
Choice B is wrong because lactated Ringer’s is a balanced electrolyte solution that contains calcium, which can cause clotting of the blood cells.
Choice C is wrong because 5% dextrose is a hypotonic solution that can cause hemolysis of the blood cells.
Choice D is wrong because 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution that can cause hemolysis of the blood cells.
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