A client who is NPO has an order for 1000 mL of D5W 0.45% NS with 40 mEq of potassium over 24 hours.
How many mL/h should the IV pump be programmed for?
Math instructions: IV calculations: (rate-mL/hr).
Although some IV pumps do allow calibration to the tenth or hundredth, for the purpose of exams, IV rate calculations will be rounded to the nearest whole number.
42 mL/h.
44 mL/h.
46 mL/h.
48 mL/h.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is A. 42 mL/h.
Choice A: 42 mL/h
Reason: To calculate the IV rate, we use the formula: IV rate (mL/h) = Total volume (mL) ÷ Total time (hours). For this problem, the total volume is 1000 mL and the total time is 24 hours. Therefore, the calculation is 1000 mL ÷ 24 hours = 41.6667 mL/h. When rounded to the nearest whole number, the IV rate is 42 mL/h. This makes 42 mL/h the correct answer.
Choice B: 44 mL/h
Reason: This choice is incorrect because it does not match the calculated IV rate. The calculation of 1000 mL ÷ 24 hours results in 41.6667 mL/h, which rounds to 42 mL/h, not 44 mL/h. Therefore, 44 mL/h is not a valid option based on the given data.
Choice C: 46 mL/h
Reason: This choice is also incorrect. The calculated IV rate of 41.6667 mL/h, when rounded to the nearest whole number, is 42 mL/h. There is no mathematical basis for rounding up to 46 mL/h from 41.6667 mL/h, making this choice invalid.
Choice D: 48 mL/h
Reason: This choice is incorrect as well. The correct calculation yields 41.6667 mL/h, which rounds to 42 mL/h. There is no justification for rounding up to 48 mL/h. This choice does not align with the calculated and rounded IV rate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Sodium is the major extracellular electrolyte in the body.
It is responsible for maintaining the extracellular fluid volume, and also for regulation of the membrane potential of cells.
Sodium is exchanged along with potassium across cell membranes as part of active transport.
Choice B is wrong because potassium is mainly an intracellular ion.
It is important for nerve and muscle function, but it is not the predominant electrolyte in the extracellular fluid.
Choice C is wrong because calcium is not the major electrolyte in the extracellular fluid.
Calcium is mostly found in bones and teeth, where it forms a mineral reserve with phosphate.
Calcium also plays a role in muscle contraction, blood clotting, and enzyme activity.
Choice D is wrong because magnesium is not the major electrolyte in the extracellular fluid.
Magnesium is mostly found in bones, where it helps to stabilize the structure of ATP2.
Magnesium also participates in enzyme reactions, nerve and muscle function, and protein synthesis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Performing hand hygiene before and after handling the dialysis equipment is essential to prevent infection in peritoneal dialysis.
Hand washing and appropriate use of a mask can help avoid peritonitis, which is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis.
Choice A is wrong because administering antibiotics prophylactically is not recommended for peritoneal dialysis patients, as it can increase the risk of antibiotic resistance and adverse effects.
Choice C is wrong because allowing the client to handle the dialysis equipment independently may increase the risk of contamination and infection.
The client should be supervised and instructed by a nurse on how to use sterile technique when connecting and disconnecting the transfer set.
Choice D is wrong because discontinuing the peritoneal dialysis if the client develops a fever may worsen the client’s condition and lead to fluid overload and electrolyte imbalance.
The client should be evaluated for signs of infection and treated accordingly.
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