A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
The nurse should anticipate administering which of the following intravenous fluids (Select all that apply).
0.45% sodium chloride solution.
0.9% sodium chloride solution.
5% dextrose in water solution.
Lactated Ringer’s solution.
Regular insulin infusion.
Correct Answer : A,B,E
The nurse should anticipate administering 0.9% sodium chloride solution and regular insulin infusion to a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Choice A is wrong because 0.45% sodium chloride solution is a hypotonic fluid that can cause cerebral edema in DKA patients.
Choice C is wrong because 5% dextrose in water solution can increase blood glucose levels and worsen hyperglycemia in DKA patients.
Choice D is wrong because lactated Ringer’s solution contains lactate, which can be converted to bicarbonate and cause metabolic alkalosis in DKA patients.
Normal ranges for blood glucose, pH, bicarbonate, and ketones are as follows3: Blood glucose: 70-130 mg/dL before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals pH: 7.35-7.45
Bicarbonate: 22-26 mEq/L Ketones: negative or trace
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
SIADH is a condition in which your body makes too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which controls how your body releases and conserves water.
SIADH makes it harder for your kidneys to release water and causes the levels of electrolytes, like sodium, to fall due to water retention.
This leads to hyponatremia, which is when you have low levels of sodium in your blood.
Choice B is wrong because hypernatremia is when you have high levels of sodium in your blood.
This can occur due to dehydration, excessive salt intake, or kidney problems.
Choice C is wrong because hyperkalemia is when you have high levels of potassium in your blood.
This can occur due to kidney failure, acidosis, or certain medications.
Choice D is wrong because hypokalemia is when you have low levels of potassium in your blood.
This can occur due to vomiting, diarrhea, diuretics, or alkalosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This is because hyperkalemia is a condition where the blood potassium level is too high.
This can cause cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and paralysis. Therefore, the nurse should administer intravenous insulin and glucose to lower the blood potassium level by shifting it into the cells.
Choice A is wrong because encouraging the patient to consume a high- potassium diet would increase the blood potassium level and worsen the condition.
Choice C is wrong because administering a potassium-sparing diuretic would prevent the excretion of excess potassium and aggravate the hyperkalemia.
Choice D is wrong because encouraging the patient to limit fluid intake is not relevant to the management of hyperkalemia and may cause dehydration.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today