A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
The nurse should anticipate administering which of the following intravenous fluids (Select all that apply).
0.45% sodium chloride solution.
0.9% sodium chloride solution.
5% dextrose in water solution.
Lactated Ringer’s solution.
Regular insulin infusion.
Correct Answer : B
The nurse should anticipate administering 0.9% sodium chloride solution and regular insulin infusion to a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Choice A is wrong because 0.45% sodium chloride solution is a hypotonic fluid that can cause cerebral edema in DKA patients.
Choice C is wrong because 5% dextrose in water solution can increase blood glucose levels and worsen hyperglycemia in DKA patients.
Choice D is wrong because lactated Ringer’s solution contains lactate, which can be converted to bicarbonate and cause metabolic alkalosis in DKA patients.
Normal ranges for blood glucose, pH, bicarbonate, and ketones are as follows3: Blood glucose: 70-130 mg/dL before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals pH: 7.35-7.45
Bicarbonate: 22-26 mEq/L Ketones: negative or trace
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
According to Healthline1 and Mayo Clinic, the normal blood sodium level is between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
Choice A is wrong because it is the normal range for potassium, not sodium.
Choice B is wrong because it is the normal range for calcium, not sodium.
Choice D is wrong because it is the normal range for chloride, not sodium
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. Daily weight.
According to MDCalc, daily weight is the most accurate indicator of fluid loss or gain in acutely ill patients, as it reflects changes in total body water.
A weight change of 1 kg corresponds to a fluid change of approximately 1 L.
Choice B is wrong because intake and output measurements can be inaccurate or incomplete, and do not account for insensible fluid losses.
Choice C is wrong because serum osmolality reflects the concentration of solutes in the blood, not the volume of fluid.
Choice D is wrong because urine specific gravity reflects the concentration of solutes in the urine, not the volume of fluid.
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