The nurse is caring for a patient with hyponatremia.
Which of the following interventions would be appropriate?
Encouraging the patient to consume a low-sodium diet.
Administering intravenous fluids with a high sodium content.
Administering a diuretic medication to increase urine output.
Encouraging the patient to increase fluid intake.
The Correct Answer is B
Hyponatremia is a condition where the serum sodium level is below 135 mEq/L, which can affect the normal functioning of cells, muscles, and organs.
Administering intravenous fluids with a high sodium content can help restore the sodium balance and prevent complications such as confusion, seizures, and coma.
Choice A is wrong because encouraging the patient to consume a low-sodium diet would worsen the hyponatremia and increase the risk of electrolyte imbalance.
Choice C is wrong because administering a diuretic medication to increase urine output would cause further fluid and sodium loss and exacerbate the hyponatremia.
Choice D is wrong because encouraging the patient to increase fluid intake would dilute the sodium concentration and lower the serum sodium level.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal. This can cause symptoms such as nausea, headache, confusion, muscle weakness and seizures. A hypertonic saline solution is a fluid that has a higher concentration of sodium than normal blood. It can help restore the sodium balance and prevent or treat the complications of hyponatremia.
Choice A is wrong because restricting fluid intake may not be enough to correct severe hyponatremia and may worsen the symptoms if the cause is sodium loss.
Choice C is wrong because encouraging increased fluid intake may further dilute the sodium levels and worsen the condition.
Choice D is wrong because administering a loop diuretic may increase the urine output and cause more sodium loss, leading to more severe hyponatremia.
Normal ranges for blood sodium levels are between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Trousseau’s sign is a test for hypocalcemia that involves inflating a blood pressure cuff on the arm and observing for carpal spasm. A positive sign indicates low calcium levels in the blood, which can cause neuromuscular irritability.
Choice B is wrong because hyperactive deep tendon reflexes are a sign of hypomagnesemia, which is a low level of magnesium in the blood.
Choice C is wrong because hyperactive bowel sounds are a sign of hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood.
Choice D is wrong because muscle twitching can be caused by many factors, such as anxiety, caffeine, or electrolyte imbalance, and is not specific to hypocalcemia.
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