What is the normal value (NV) for sodium in the blood.

The nurse should anticipate administering 0.9% sodium chloride solution and regular insulin infusion to a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Choice A is wrong because 0.45% sodium chloride solution is a hypotonic fluid that can cause cerebral edema in DKA patients.

Choice C is wrong because 5% dextrose in water solution can increase blood glucose levels and worsen hyperglycemia in DKA patients.

Choice D is wrong because lactated Ringer’s solution contains lactate, which can be converted to bicarbonate and cause metabolic alkalosis in DKA patients.

Normal ranges for blood glucose, pH, bicarbonate, and ketones are as follows3: Blood glucose: 70-130 mg/dL before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals pH: 7.35-7.45

Bicarbonate: 22-26 mEq/L Ketones: negative or trace

This is because acute renal failure is a condition where the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. This can lead to fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, and metabolic acidosis. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the patient’s urine output and fluid balance to assess the severity of the renal impairment and prevent complications.

Choice A is wrong because administering a potassium-sparing diuretic would worsen the patient’s hyperkalemia, which is a common complication of acute renal failure.

Choice B is wrong because encouraging the patient to consume a high-sodium diet would increase the patient’s fluid retention and blood pressure, which can further damage the kidneys.

Choice D is wrong because administering intravenous antibiotics is not a priority intervention for acute renal failure unless there is a specific indication of infection.