The nurse is assessing a patient with acute renal failure.
Which of the following would be a priority nursing intervention?
Administering a potassium-sparing diuretic.
Encouraging the patient to consume a high-sodium diet.
Monitoring urine output and fluid balance.
Administering intravenous antibiotics.
The Correct Answer is C
This is because acute renal failure is a condition where the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. This can lead to fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, and metabolic acidosis. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the patient’s urine output and fluid balance to assess the severity of the renal impairment and prevent complications.
Choice A is wrong because administering a potassium-sparing diuretic would worsen the patient’s hyperkalemia, which is a common complication of acute renal failure.
Choice B is wrong because encouraging the patient to consume a high-sodium diet would increase the patient’s fluid retention and blood pressure, which can further damage the kidneys.
Choice D is wrong because administering intravenous antibiotics is not a priority intervention for acute renal failure unless there is a specific indication of infection.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This is because hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal, usually due to too much water in your body that dilutes the sodium. A hypertonic saline solution is a fluid that has a higher concentration of sodium than blood, and it can help restore the normal sodium balance by drawing water out of the cells.
Choice A is wrong because restricting fluid intake may not be enough to correct severe hyponatremia, and it may worsen the symptoms of dehydration.
Choice C is wrong because encouraging increased fluid intake will further lower the sodium levels and increase the risk of complications such as brain swelling.
Choice D is wrong because administering a loop diuretic will cause more sodium and water loss from the kidneys, which can worsen hyponatremia and dehydration.
Normal ranges for blood sodium levels are between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
Hyponatremia is defined as a blood sodium level below 135 mEq/L1.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the blood plasma. 0.9% sodium chloride solution is an example of an isotonic solution.
It is used to supply water and salt to the body and to prevent hypotension induced by spinal anaesthesia.
Choice A is wrong because a hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than the blood plasma.
It can cause water to move into the cells and cause them to swell.
Choice C is wrong because a hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes than the blood plasma.
It can cause water to move out of the cells and cause them to shrink.
Choice D is wrong because a colloid solution contains large molecules that do not pass through the capillary walls.
It is used to increase the blood volume and pressure in cases of shock or severe blood loss.
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