Target cells for releasing hormones are in the:
Anterior pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus.
Thyroid gland.
Posterior pituitary gland.
The Correct Answer is B
The hypothalamus is the part of the brain that produces hormones that control the pituitary gland.
The pituitary gland then releases hormones that target other endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, adrenal, and gonads.
Therefore, the hypothalamus is the source of releasing hormones for target cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
Choice A is wrong because the anterior pituitary gland does not produce releasing hormones, but responds to them by secreting other hormones.
Choice C is wrong because the thyroid gland does not produce releasing hormones, but responds to them by secreting thyroid hormones.
Choice D is wrong because the posterior pituitary gland does not produce releasing hormones, but stores and releases hormones made by the hypothalamus, such as oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The sinoatrial (SA) node is the natural pacemaker of the heart.
It generates electrical impulses that cause the heart’s chambers to contract, setting the heart rate.
The SA node typically generates 60–100 heartbeats per minute when a person is at rest.
Choice A is wrong because Purkinje fibers are part of the electrical conduction system of the heart that carries impulses to the ventricles.
They are not the primary source of impulses.
Choice B is wrong because the AV bundle (also called bundle of His) is another part of the electrical conduction system of the heart that connects the atria and the ventricles.
It is not the natural pacemaker of the heart.
Choice D is wrong because an atrioventricular node is a relay station between the atria and the ventricles that delays the electrical impulses from the SA node.
It can act as a backup pacemaker if the SA node fails, but it is not the normal pacemaker of the heart.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone secreted by the heart when the atria are stretched by high blood pressure or volume.
ANP has multiple effects, such as increasing urine and salt excretion, lowering blood pressure, and opposing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Therefore, ANP inhibits the release of renin and aldosterone, which are hormones that increase blood pressure and sodium retention.
Choice A is wrong because ANP is not released from the adrenal cortex but from the cardiac atria.
ANP does not stimulate atrial hormones but rather inhibits them.
Choice B is wrong because ANP is not stimulated to release when blood volume decreases, but when it increases.
ANP acts to reduce blood volume by promoting diuresis and natriuresis.
Choice C is wrong because ANP does not raise blood pressure, but lowers it. ANP acts as a vasodilator and reduces peripheral resistance.
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