Capillary walls consist of a single layer of epithelial cells, and they exchange substances in the blood for substances in the tissue fluid surrounding body cells.
True
False
The Correct Answer is A
Capillary walls consist of a single layer of epithelial cells, and they exchange substances in the blood for substances in the tissue fluid surrounding body cells.
This single layer of cells is called the endothelium and it forms the barrier between the blood and the interstitial fluid.
The endothelium can be either continuous or fenestrated, depending on the tissue type and function.
The capillaries are very thin and allow red blood cells to flow through them single file.
The capillaries also have a layer of a glycoprotein called the glycocalyx that covers their luminal surface.
Choice B. False is wrong because it contradicts the definition and structure of capillaries.
Capillaries are not made of multiple layers of cells, nor do they prevent the exchange of substances between the blood and the tissue fluid.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Kidney disease can cause hypertension by activating the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
This mechanism involves the release of renin from the kidneys, which stimulates the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure.
Choice A is wrong because kidney disease does not directly signal the brain stem to increase blood pressure.
The brain stem regulates blood pressure through the autonomic nervous system, which responds to various stimuli such as stress, pain, or emotions.
Choice C is wrong because kidney disease does not increase the release (excretion) of sodium and water.
On the contrary, kidney disease can impair the ability of the kidneys to filter out excess sodium and water, which can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure.
Choice D is wrong because kidney disease does not stimulate the secretion of ANP.
ANP stands for atrial natriuretic peptide, a hormone that is secreted by the heart when it senses high blood pressure.
ANP causes the kidneys to excrete more sodium and water, which lowers blood pressure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The lymph nodes of the axillary region receive lymph mainly from the upper limb and mammary gland.
This is because the axillary lymph nodes are located in the armpit area and drain the lymph vessels from the lateral quadrants of the breast and the arm.
Choice B is wrong because the abdominal viscera are drained by the celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric lymph nodes.
Choice C is wrong because the scalp and face are drained by the cervical lymph nodes.
Choice D is wrong because the thoracic viscera are drained by the bronchopulmonary, tracheobronchial, parasternal, and posterior mediastinal lymph nodes.
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