How are primary immunodeficiency disorders different from secondary immunodeficiency disorders?
Primary immunodeficiency disorders are acquired later in life, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders are present from birth.
Primary immunodeficiency disorders result from a genetic or inherited defect, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders are caused by external factors, such as infections or medications.
Primary immunodeficiency disorders primarily affect the skin and mucous membranes, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders primarily affect the respiratory system.
Primary immunodeficiency disorders are more common than secondary immunodeficiency disorders.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The correct answer is b. Primary immunodeficiency disorders result from a genetic or inherited defect, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders are caused by external factors, such as infections or medications.
Incorrect choices:
a. Primary immunodeficiency disorders are present from birth and are usually genetic or inherited, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders can be acquired later in life due to external factors.
c. The manifestations and systems affected by primary and secondary immunodeficiency disorders can vary widely and are not limited to specific areas of the body.
d. Secondary immunodeficiency disorders are more common than primary immunodeficiency disorders, as they can be caused by various factors and are often associated with other medical conditions.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is c. Frequent and severe infections. One of the hallmark features of immunodeficiency disorders is an increased susceptibility to infections. Individuals with immunodeficiencies may experience frequent and severe infections, including bacterial, viral, and fungal infections.
Incorrect choices:
a. Excessive inflammation at the site of infection is not a common clinical manifestation of immunodeficiency disorders. Immunodeficiencies are characterized by a weakened immune response, which may result in a reduced inflammatory response to infections.
b. Hyperactive immune response to allergens is seen in allergies and autoimmune disorders, not immunodeficiency disorders.
d. Immunodeficiency disorders are characterized by a lack or dysfunction of specific immune components, such as B cells or T cells, leading to a decreased production of antibodies, not increased.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is d. Immunoglobulin levels. Immunoglobulin levels, specifically IgG, IgM, and IgA, are commonly measured to assess immune function and identify deficiencies in immunoglobulin production. Abnormalities in immunoglobulin levels can indicate the presence of an immunodeficiency disorder.
Incorrect choices:
a. A complete blood count (CBC) provides information about various blood components, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, but it does not specifically assess immune function.
b. A chest X-ray may be used to evaluate the condition of the lungs and detect infections, but it is not a specific test for immunodeficiency disorders.
c. Allergy skin testing is used to diagnose allergies and assess the body's response to allergens, but it is not a diagnostic test for immunodeficiency disorders.
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