Cystic fibrosis (CF) is suspected in a toddler. Which test is essential in establishing this diagnosis?
Bronchoscopy
Serum calcium
Urine creatinine
Sweat chloride test
The Correct Answer is D
This test measures the amount of chloride in the sweat, which is abnormally high in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). CF is an inherited disorder that affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices.
Choice A is wrong because bronchoscopy is a procedure that allows the doctor to examine the airways and lungs, but it is not essential for diagnosing CF.
Choice B is wrong because serum calcium is a blood test that measures the level of calcium in the blood, which is not related to CF.
Choice C is wrong because urine creatinine is a test that measures the amount of creatinine in the urine, which reflects the kidney function, but it is not relevant to CF.
Normal ranges for sweat chloride test are:
- Less than 40 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) for children and adults
- Less than 30 mmol/L for infants younger than 6 months
A sweat chloride level of more than 60 mmol/L is considered positive for CF.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
choice D. Make a follow-up home visit to parents as soon as possible after the infant’s death. This is because a competent, qualified professional should visit the family at home as soon as possible after the death and provide the family with printed information about SIDS.
Choice A is wrong because explaining how SIDS could have been predicted and prevented is inappropriate.
SIDS cannot be prevented or predicted. Discussions about the cause will only increase parental guilt.
Choice B is wrong because the parents should be asked only factual questions to determine the cause of death. Interviewing parents in-depth concerning the circumstances surrounding the infant’s death may be intrusive and stressful.
Choice C is wrong because parents should be allowed and encouraged to make a last visit with their infant. Discouraging parents from making a last visit with the infant may deprive them of an opportunity to say goodbye and grieve.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
choice D. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently and observe closely for signs of hypoglycemia. This is because a macrosomic infant (a newborn who’s much larger than average) is at risk of developing low blood sugar levels after birth, especially if the mother has diabetes. Hypoglycemia can cause neurological damage in the newborn, so it is important to detect and treat it promptly.
Choice A is wrong because leaving the infant in the room with the mother without monitoring the blood glucose levels may miss signs of hypoglycemia and delay treatment.
Choice B is wrong because taking the infant immediately to the nursery may separate the infant from the mother and interfere with breastfeeding, which can help prevent hypoglycemia.
Choice C is wrong because performing a gestational age assessment to determine whether the infant is large for gestational age is not urgent and does not address the risk of hypoglycemia.
Normal ranges for blood glucose levels in term infants are 2.6 mmol/L or higher at any time. A blood glucose level of 2.5 mmol/L or less is considered hypoglycemic.
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