The nurse is caring for a child with suspected diabetes insipidus. Which clinical manifestation would be observable?

Oliguria

Glycosuria

Nausea and vomiting

Polydipsia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of the posterior pituitary gland that causes a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This leads to excessive urination (polyuria) and excessive thirst (polydipsia) as the body tries to balance the fluid loss. These symptoms may be so severe that the child does little other than drink and urinate.

Choice A is wrong because oliguria means decreased urine production and is not associated with diabetes insipidus.

Choice B is wrong because glycosuria means glucose in the urine and is associated with diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.

Choice C is wrong because nausea and vomiting are associated with inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH), which causes fluid retention and hyponatremia, not diabetes insipidus.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Visible peristalsis and weight loss. These are symptoms of pyloric stenosis, which is a thickening or narrowing of the pylorus, a muscle in the stomach that blocks food from entering the small intestine. Babies with pyloric stenosis often have forceful vomiting, which may cause dehydration.

Choice A is wrong because abdominal rigidity and pain on palpation are not typical signs of pyloric stenosis.

They may indicate other conditions such as appendicitis or bowel obstruction.

Choice B is wrong because a rounded abdomen and hypoactive bowel sounds are also not specific for pyloric stenosis.

They may be seen in other causes of vomiting or abdominal distension.

Choice D is wrong because distention of the lower abdomen and constipation are not related to pyloric stenosis.

They may be due to other problems such as Hirschsprung’s disease or intestinal atresia. Normal ranges for weight gain in infants depend on their age, sex, and feeding method. Generally, infants should gain about 25 to 35 grams per day in the first 3 months of life.

A. Apply an oil-based lotion to the newborn’s skin to prevent drying and cracking. B. Limit the newborn’s intake of milk to prevent nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. C. Place eye shields over the newborn’s closed eyes. D. Change the newborn’s position every 4 hours.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Placing eye shields over the newborn’s closed eyes. This is because phototherapy can cause eye damage and irritation to the newborn, so eye protection is essential.

Choice A is wrong because oil-based lotion can increase the absorption of heat and cause burns to the newborn’s skin.

Choice B is wrong because limiting the newborn’s intake of milk can cause dehydration and increase the risk of hyperbilirubinemia.

Choice D is wrong because changing the newborn’s position every 4 hours is not frequent enough to prevent pressure ulcers and ensure even exposure to the light.

Normal ranges for bilirubin levels in newborns are 1 to 12 mg/dL for term infants and 3 to 14 mg/dL for preterm infants. Phototherapy is usually indicated when the bilirubin level exceeds 15 mg/dL for term infants and 10 mg/dL for preterm infants.

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The nurse is caring for a child with suspected diabetes insipidus. Which clinical manifestation would be observable?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for an infant with suspected pyloric stenosis. Which clinical manifestation would indicate pyloric stenosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A newborn is jaundiced and receivesphototherapy via ultraviolet bank lights. An appropriate nursing intervention when caring for an infant with hyperbilirubinemia and receiving phototherapy by this method would be to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Because a full bladder prevents the uterus from contracting normally, nurses intervene to help the woman empty her bladder spontaneously as soon as possible. If all else fails, the last thing the nurse could try is:

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