The nurse assessing a premature newborn infant auscultates a continuous machinery-like murmur.
This finding is associated with which congenital heart defect?
Pulmonary stenosis
Patent ductus arteriosus
Ventricular septal defect
Coarctation of the aorta
The Correct Answer is B
This is because a patent ductus arteriosus is a congenital heart defect that involves a defect in which the fetal shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary artery fails to close. This causes a continuous machinery-like murmur that can be heard on auscultation.
Choice A is wrong because pulmonary stenosis is a narrowing of the pulmonary valve or artery that obstructs blood flow to the lungs. It causes a systolic ejection murmur that is best heard at the upper left sternal border.
Choice C is wrong because the ventricular septal defect is a hole in the wall between the ventricles that allows blood to flow from the left to the right side of the heart. It causes a loud, harsh holosystolic murmur that is best heard at the left lower sternal border.
Choice D is wrong because coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta that reduces blood flow to the lower body. It causes a systolic murmur that radiates to the back and weak or absent femoral pulses.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E","F"]
Explanation
A health history is a holistic assessment of all factors affecting a patient’s health status, including information about social, cultural, familial, and economic aspects of the patient’s life as well as any other component of the patient’s life style that affects health and well-being.
Choice B is wrong because physical assessment is not part of the health history, but a separate process of examining the patient’s body systems.
Choice A is correct because review of systems is a systematic method of collecting data on all body systems.
Choice C is correct because sexual history is an important aspect of the patient’s health that may affect their risk for sexually transmitted infections, reproductive health, and psychosocial well-being.
Choice D is correct because height, weight, BMI data are part of the biographical data that provide a baseline for comparing the patient’s characteristics to established norms for physical and emotional health.
Choice E is correct because diet and nutritional intake are relevant factors that influence the patient’s health status and may indicate potential problems such as malnutrition, obesity, or eating disorders.
Choice F is correct because family medical history provides information about the patient’s genetic risk for certain diseases and conditions that may affect their current or future health.
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Pitocin and Methergine are both medications used to manage postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) by causing the uterus to contract and reduce bleeding. Pitocin is the most effective and preferred medication for PPH prevention and treatment.
Choice C is wrong because Terbutaline is a medication that relaxes the uterus and is used to stop preterm labor, not PPH.
Choice D is wrong because Hemabate is a brand name for carboprost, which is a prostaglandin that can be used for PPH, but it has more side effects and contraindications than Pitocin or Methergine.
Choice E is wrong because Magnesium sulfate is a medication that prevents seizures in women with preeclampsia or eclampsia, not PPH.
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