A child is diagnosed with juvenile hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect to assess which symptoms are associated with hypothyroidism. (Select all that apply.).

Weight loss

Sleepiness or Fatigue

Diarrhea

Puffiness around the eyes

Limited hair growth

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

Sleepiness or fatigue and puffiness around the eyes are symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate the body’s metabolism and energy levels.

Choice A is wrong because weight loss is more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormones.

Choice C is wrong because diarrhea is also more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, as the excess thyroid hormones speed up the digestive system.

Choice E is wrong because limited hair growth is not a specific symptom of hypothyroidism. Hair loss or thinning may occur in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, depending on the severity and duration of the condition.

Normal ranges for thyroid hormones are:

TSH: 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L
T3: 100 to 200 ng/dL
T4: 4.5 to 11.2 mcg/dL

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This is because a patent ductus arteriosus is a congenital heart defect that involves a defect in which the fetal shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary artery fails to close. This causes a continuous machinery-like murmur that can be heard on auscultation.

Choice A is wrong because pulmonary stenosis is a narrowing of the pulmonary valve or artery that obstructs blood flow to the lungs. It causes a systolic ejection murmur that is best heard at the upper left sternal border.

Choice C is wrong because the ventricular septal defect is a hole in the wall between the ventricles that allows blood to flow from the left to the right side of the heart. It causes a loud, harsh holosystolic murmur that is best heard at the left lower sternal border.

Choice D is wrong because coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta that reduces blood flow to the lower body. It causes a systolic murmur that radiates to the back and weak or absent femoral pulses.

A. Most mothers have a diet deficient in vitamin K, which results in the infant’s being deficient. B. Vitamin K prevents the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver and must be given by injection. C. Bacteria that synthesize vitamin K are not present in the newborn’s intestinal tract. D. The supply of vitamin K is inadequate for at least 3 to 4 months, and the newborn must be supplemented.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Bacteria that synthesize vitamin K is not present in the newborn’s intestinal tract. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, and newborns are at risk of bleeding problems due to their lack of vitamin K. Therefore, vitamin K is given by injection to prevent hemorrhagic disease in the newborn.

Choice A is wrong because most mothers do not have a diet deficient in vitamin K, and vitamin K deficiency in newborns is not related to the maternal diet.

Choice B is wrong because vitamin K does not prevent the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver, but rather enhances it. Prothrombin is a clotting factor that requires vitamin K for its production.

Choice D is wrong because the supply of vitamin K is not inadequate for at least 3 to 4 months, but rather for a few days until the newborn’s intestinal bacteria start producing it.

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A child is diagnosed with juvenile hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect to assess which symptoms are associated with hypothyroidism. (Select all that apply.).​​​​​​

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse assessing a premature newborn infant auscultates a continuous machinery-like murmur. This finding is associated with which congenital heart defect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse administers vitamin K to the newborn for which reason?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A child is diagnosed with juvenile hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect to assess which symptoms are associated with hypothyroidism. (Select all that apply.).