A nurse is conducting discharge and teaches parents about the care of their infant after cardiac surgery.
The nurse instructs the parents to notify the physician if the conditions occur. (Select all that apply.)
Respiratory rate of 36 breaths/minute at rest
Appetite slowly increasing
Temperature above 37.7° C (100° F)
New, frequent coughing
Turning blue or bluer than normal
Correct Answer : C,D,E
The parents should notify the physician if the infant has a temperature above 37.7° C (100° F), new frequent coughing, or turning blue or bluer
than normal. These are signs of infection, respiratory distress, or cyanosis, which could indicate complications after cardiac surgery.
Choice A is wrong because a respiratory rate of 36 breaths/minute at rest is within the normal range for an infant.
Choice B is wrong because an appetite slowly increasing is a positive sign of recovery and does not require immediate attention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
choice A. Surfactant improves the ability of your baby’s lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Surfactant is a substance that coats the inner surface of the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs.
It reduces the surface tension of the alveoli and prevents them from collapsing during exhalation.
Premature infants often lack enough surfactant, which leads to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
Artificial surfactant is given to these infants to help them breathe more easily. Choice B is wrong because surfactant has nothing to do with sedation.
Sedation is a state of reduced consciousness induced by drugs. Surfactant does not affect the level of consciousness of the infant.
Choice C is wrong because surfactant is not used to reduce episodes of periodic apnea.
Periodic apnea is a condition where the infant stops breathing for a short time, usually due to immature brainstem function.
Surfactant does not affect the brainstem or the control of breathing.
Choice D is wrong because surfactant is not used to fight a possible respiratory tract infection. Surfactant does not have any antibacterial or antiviral properties.
Surfactant is used to treat RDS, which is caused by a lack of surfactant, not by an infection.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Visible peristalsis and weight loss. These are symptoms of pyloric stenosis, which is a thickening or narrowing of the pylorus, a muscle in the stomach that blocks food from entering the small intestine. Babies with pyloric stenosis often have forceful vomiting, which may cause dehydration.
Choice A is wrong because abdominal rigidity and pain on palpation are not typical signs of pyloric stenosis.
They may indicate other conditions such as appendicitis or bowel obstruction.
Choice B is wrong because a rounded abdomen and hypoactive bowel sounds are also not specific for pyloric stenosis.
They may be seen in other causes of vomiting or abdominal distension.
Choice D is wrong because distention of the lower abdomen and constipation are not related to pyloric stenosis.
They may be due to other problems such as Hirschsprung’s disease or intestinal atresia. Normal ranges for weight gain in infants depend on their age, sex, and feeding method. Generally, infants should gain about 25 to 35 grams per day in the first 3 months of life.
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