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An RN is reviewing diagnostic tests for different types of anemia with a student nurse. Which of the following does the student correctly state is used for the diagnosis of types of anemia? (Select all that apply).

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Schilling Test

Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Western Blot

Ferritin and Total Iron-Binding Capacity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

A. ELISA – Used for detecting infections or immune conditions but is not specific for anemia.

B. Schilling Test – Used to diagnose vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anemia.

C. Hemoglobin Electrophoresis – Used to diagnose sickle cell anemia and thalassemias by identifying abnormal hemoglobin variants.

D. Western Blot – Used to confirm infections like HIV, not to diagnose anemia.

E. Ferritin and Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) – Help assess iron status and diagnose iron deficiency anemia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. An "undetectable" viral load means the risk of HIV transmission is significantly reduced ("Undetectable = Untransmittable" or U=U), though precautions should still be followed.

B. Clients with a low CD4+ count (<200 cells/µL) are at increased risk for opportunistic infections. Encouraging a healthy lifestyle and infection prevention helps maintain immune function.

C. Antibiotic prophylaxis is considered for clients with CD4+ counts <200 cells/µL, but it does not prevent viral load elevation.

D. There is no cure for HIV; lifelong ART is required to maintain viral suppression.

A. Increase oxygen to 6 liters per minute. B. Administer PRN Morphine Sulfate IV push for pain. C. Request an order for a PRN antihypertensive medication. D. Begin administering prescribed IV fluids.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The client’s SpO2 is already at 97%, so increasing oxygen is unnecessary. Oxygen is only required if hypoxia is present.

B. Pain management is the priority in vaso-occlusive crisis. Severe pain leads to stress, increasing oxygen demand and worsening sickling. IV opioids (e.g., morphine) are the standard treatment.

C. The BP is elevated but not critically high, and pain-related stress may be contributing. Treating pain first is the priority.

D. IV fluids help with hydration and reducing sickling, but pain management should be addressed first to provide immediate relief.

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An RN is reviewing diagnostic tests for different types of anemia with a student nurse. Which of the following does the student correctly state is used for the diagnosis of types of anemia? (Select all that apply).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Eight years after beginning antiretroviral therapy (ART), a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection has a CD4+ cell count of 81 cell/L and an "undetectable" viral load. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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