An infection control nurse is teaching a class about transmission of infectious agents. The nurse should include that which of the following diseases is transmitted via airborne transmission?

A. Proper oral hygiene is crucial for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which is a common complication in ventilated patients. The bundle often includes instructions on how to perform mouth care to reduce the risk of bacterial colonization in the oral cavity and subsequent aspiration into the lungs.
B. Tracheostomy care, including suctioning as needed, is important to maintain airway patency and prevent complications like mucus plugging. However, specific instructions for suctioning frequency (e.g., every 2 hours) may vary based on the patient's clinical condition and the presence of secretions. It is not universally part of the ventilator care bundle but is an essential component of managing patients with tracheostomies.
C. Correct ventilator settings are critical to support adequate oxygenation and ventilation while minimizing lung injury. Nurses should be knowledgeable about how to monitor and adjust ventilator settings based on the patient's respiratory status. Education on ventilator settings may be included in

training related to mechanical ventilation management, but it is not typically part of a standardized ventilator care bundle.
D. The position of the patient can affect ventilation and respiratory mechanics. In the context of ventilator care, positioning recommendations may include elevating the head of the bed (semi-Fowler's position) to reduce the risk of aspiration and improve lung expansion. Placing the client in a supine position alone is not specific to the ventilator care bundle but may be considered based on the patient's clinical condition.

A. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common HAI that occurs in patients who have been mechanically ventilated for an extended period. The presence of a ventilator increases the risk of introducing pathogens into the lower respiratory tract, leading to pneumonia.
B. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is an HAI that occurs due to the use of urinary catheters. Indwelling urinary catheters can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, increasing the risk of infection.
C. Surgical site infections (SSIs) are infections that occur after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. They are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and are considered HAIs when they occur in healthcare settings.
D. Influenza acquired from a coworker is not typically considered a healthcare-associated infection. It is usually acquired in community settings rather than healthcare facilities.
E. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) occur when bacteria or other pathogens enter the bloodstream through a central venous catheter. These infections are considered HAIs because they are associated with the presence of a central venous catheter used for medical treatment.