A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about wearing medical masks. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

A. An advance directive is a legal document that outlines a person's preferences for medical treatment, including end-of-life care. Asking the client if they have a copy of their advance directive is appropriate because it can provide valuable information about their wishes regarding medical interventions. It allows the nurse to review the document to ensure that the client's current wishes align with what is documented in their advance directive.
B. In most cases, a competent adult's healthcare decisions, including decisions to refuse treatment, are legally binding and cannot be overridden by family members. It is important for the nurse to educate the client about their rights and ensure that their wishes are respected. Family members may be involved in discussions and support the client's decisions, but they cannot override a competent adult's wishes regarding their medical care.
C. While it's important to involve family members in discussions about the client's wishes, especially if they are the client's designated healthcare proxy or legally authorized decision-maker, family agreement is not required for the client's decision to refuse life-saving measures. The nurse should primarily focus on the client's expressed wishes and ensure that these wishes are understood and respected.
D. The provider's agreement with the client's decision may be necessary to document and implement the plan of care accordingly, but ultimately, the decision to refuse treatment rests with the competent client. The nurse should facilitate communication between the client and the provider to ensure that the client's wishes are understood and documented appropriately.

A. Catheter irrigation involves flushing the catheter with a sterile solution to clear any obstruction within the tubing or catheter itself. It can help in cases where there might be clots obstructing urine flow. However, irrigating the catheter is an intervention that requires proper assessment and order from the healthcare provider.
B. This option suggests adjusting the rate of the bladder irrigant, which typically refers to the irrigation solution used during the TURP procedure to maintain catheter patency and prevent clot formation. However, this action requires assessment of the situation and potential orders from the provider.
C. Notifying the provider is often the first action the nurse should take when encountering a significant change in the client's condition or a potential complication, such as a blocked catheter. The provider needs to be informed so they can assess the situation, provide further orders, and decide on the appropriate course of action to manage the urinary retention effectively.
D. Checking the tubing for kinks or other external obstructions is a prudent initial action. Kinks or twists in the catheter tubing can prevent urine from draining properly. If a kink is identified, it can be corrected immediately, allowing urine to flow freely again.