A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving one unit of packed RBCs to treat intraoperative blood loss. The client reports chills and back pain, and the client's blood pressure is 80/64 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Stop the transfusion immediately.

Inform the provider.

Call the lab and ask if this is really a transfusion reaction.

Obtain a urine specimen.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Stopping the transfusion immediately is the first and most critical action in response to signs of a possible transfusion reaction, which can be life-threatening.

Choice B reason: While informing the provider is a necessary step, it should come after stopping the transfusion to prevent further harm to the patient.

Choice C reason: Calling the lab is an appropriate action but not the first priority. The immediate concern is the patient's safety.

Choice D reason: Obtaining a urine specimen may be part of the diagnostic process for a transfusion reaction, but it is not the first action to take.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Systolic Blood Pressure is not a direct measure of preload; it indicates the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart muscles.

Choice B reason: Mean Arterial Blood Pressure is an average blood pressure in an individual during a single cardiac cycle, but it does not specifically measure preload.

Choice C reason: Central Venous Pressure (CVP) is a direct measure of the blood volume returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood into the arterial system, making it a key indicator of preload.

Choice D reason: Systemic Vascular Resistance refers to the resistance to blood ﬂow oﬀered by all of the systemic vasculature, excluding the pulmonary vasculature, and is not a measure of preload.

A. Smoking tobacco B. Pollution C. Being between 20 to 30 years of age D. Asthma

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason : Smoking tobacco is the most significant risk factor for developing emphysema. It damages the air sacs in the lungs and leads to the characteristic symptoms of emphysema.
Choice B reason : While pollution can contribute to respiratory problems, it is not the most common risk factor for emphysema compared to smoking tobacco.
Choice C reason : Age between 20 to 30 years is not a risk factor for emphysema. Emphysema typically develops after many years of smoking, often in older adults.
Choice D reason : Asthma is a diﬀerent respiratory condition and is not a risk factor for emphysema. However, individuals with asthma who smoke may have an increased risk of developing COPD, which includes emphysema.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving one unit of packed RBCs to treat intraoperative blood loss. The client reports chills and back pain, and the client's blood pressure is 80/64 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the main hemodynamic parameter that measures preload?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following is the most common risk factor for emphysema?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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