A hospice nurse is caring for a client who has terminal cancer and takes PO morphine for pain relief. The client reports that he had to increase the dose of morphine this week to obtain pain relief. Which of the following scenarios should the nurse document as the explanation for this situation?

The client has become addicted to the medication.

The client is experiencing episodes of confusion.

The client not been taking the medication properly.

The client developed tolerance to the medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Tolerance refers to where there is reduced responsiveness to a drug due to prolonged exposure to the drug requiring higher doses to achieve the same effect. This effect requires progressive increment in dosages of the medication which may increase the risk for toxicity.
A. Addiction is characterized by compulsive efforts to acquire the drug despite being aware of its adverse consequences
C and D are not related to the continuous need for higher doses of morphine

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in the management of ascites associated with liver failure. Its mechanism of action includes blocking the actions of aldosterone, a hormone that promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion in the kidneys. This results in increased urinary sodium excretion and hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
A. Decreased chloride level is not typically associated with spironolactone use.
C. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, so it leads to an increased potassium level (hyperkalemia)
D. Spironolactone is not associated with decreased phosphate levels.

A. Carbonated beverage B. Orange juice C. Grapefruit juice D. Milk

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale- Grape fruit inhibits the action of intestinal enzymes interfering with absorption and actions of most drugs. It is therefore, important for clients on oral medication to avoid the intake of grape fruit to allow optimal absorption of the drugs.

A, B, D- Have very minimal drug interactions and hence safe to take with most medications

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A hospice nurse is caring for a client who has terminal cancer and takes PO morphine for pain relief. The client reports that he had to increase the dose of morphine this week to obtain pain relief. Which of the following scenarios should the nurse document as the explanation for this situation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has liver failure with ascites and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a public clinic is planning a health fair for older adult clients in the community. In teaching medication safety. Which of the following foods should the nurse advise the clients to avoid when taking their prescriptions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client who has a deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use?

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A nurse is teaching a client Who has a new prescription for cyclobenzaprine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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