A woman gives birth to a small infant with a malformed skull.

The infant grows abnormally slowly and shows signs of substantial cognitive and intellectual deficits.

The child also has facial abnormalities including a short nose and thin lip that become more striking as it develops.

The correct answer is choice B.

Choice A rationale:

Focus on the family unit and its members is more characteristic of the “letting-go” phase.

Choice B rationale:

Expressions of excitement are common in the dependent, taking in phase as the mother is focused on her own needs and the experience of childbirth.

Choice C rationale:

Eagerness to learn newborn care skills is more characteristic of the “taking-hold” phase.

Choice D rationale:

Lack of appetite is not a typical characteristic of the dependent, taking in phase.

The correct answer is choice D. When the cervix is fully dilated.

Choice A rationale:

The arrival of the health care provider does not determine when the laboring client should push. This is dependent on the dilation of the cervix.

Choice B rationale:

Seeing the fetal head is not the determinant for when the laboring client should push. The cervix needs to be fully dilated.

Choice C rationale:

The nurse wanting the client to push is not the correct time for the laboring client to push. The cervix needs to be fully dilated.

Choice D rationale:

The laboring client is encouraged to push when the cervix is fully dilated. This is to avoid birth trauma.