A school nurse is completing routine health evaluations for school-age children. Which of the following manifestation should alert the nurse to the possibility of pediculosis capitis?

Patches of baldness

Blisters on the scalp

Dry patches on the scalp

Reports of scalp itchiness

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Patches of baldness: Patches of baldness on the scalp could be indicative of conditions like alopecia areata, a disorder characterized by hair loss in patches. However, it is not a typical manifestation of pediculosis capitis, which primarily presents with scalp itchiness due to lice bites rather than hair loss.

B. Blisters on the scalp: Blisters on the scalp may suggest other conditions such as herpes simplex infection or contact dermatitis. While scratching from head lice infestation could lead to skin irritation, blisters are not a common presentation of pediculosis capitis.

C. Dry patches on the scalp: Dry patches on the scalp might be caused by conditions like seborrheic dermatitis or eczema. While scalp dryness can occur with pediculosis capitis due to irritation from scratching, it is not a specific symptom associated with head lice infestation.

D. Reports of scalp itchiness: Scalp itchiness is a hallmark symptom of pediculosis capitis. It occurs as a result of lice bites and the body's inflammatory response to their saliva. It is the most characteristic and common manifestation of head lice infestation and often prompts further examination for the presence of lice or their eggs (nits).

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Bed in highest position:
The height of the bed is not directly related to seizure precautions.

B. Remove restrictive objects or clothing from patients’ body:
This is important to prevent injury during a seizure episode.

C. Remove all pillows from the patient's head:
While it's generally a good practice to remove pillows to prevent suffocation or obstruction, it's not specifically related to seizure precautions.

D. Oxygen and suction at bedside:
Oxygen and suction should be readily available to support the patient's respiratory status and clear any secretions or vomit during or after a seizure.

E. Padded bed rails:
Padded bed rails can help prevent injury if the patient thrashes or moves violently during a seizure.

A. "I will have to feed my baby formula, rather than breast milk." B. "I should move my baby into a side-lying position during sleep." C. "My baby's formula can be thickened with oatmeal." D. "I will keep my baby in an upright position after feedings."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I will have to feed my baby formula, rather than breast milk." - This statement indicates a misunderstanding. Breast milk is generally preferred for infants with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) because it is more easily digested and less likely to exacerbate reflux symptoms compared to formula. Breastfeeding mothers may be encouraged to continue breastfeeding, and formula-fed infants may benefit from specialized formulas designed to reduce reflux symptoms.

B. "I should move my baby into a side-lying position during sleep." - This statement indicates a misunderstanding. Placing an infant in a side-lying position during sleep is not recommended due to the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Instead, infants with GER should be placed on their back to sleep, as recommended by safe sleep guidelines. Elevating the head of the crib or bassinet slightly may also help reduce reflux symptoms during sleep.

C. "My baby's formula can be thickened with oatmeal." - This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching. Thickening formula with oatmeal or rice cereal can help reduce gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms in infants by making the formula heavier and less likely to reflux back into the esophagus. However, this should only be done under the guidance of a healthcare provider to ensure proper preparation and feeding technique.

D. "I will keep my baby in an upright position after feedings." - This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching. Keeping the baby in an upright position after feedings can help reduce reflux symptoms by allowing gravity to keep the stomach contents down. Parents can hold the baby upright on their shoulder or in an infant seat for a period of time after feeding to minimize reflux episodes.

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A school nurse is completing routine health evaluations for school-age children. Which of the following manifestation should alert the nurse to the possibility of pediculosis capitis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

You have a patient who has a brain tumor and is at risk for seizures. In the patient's plan of care you incorporate seizure precautions. Select the 3 choices below for all the proper steps to take in initiating seizure precautions. (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a parent of an infant who has gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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