A school nurse identifies that a child has pediculosis capitis and educates the child's parents about the condition. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"All recently used clothing, bedding, and towels must be washed in hot water."

"Nits will always be present."

"I will treat all the family members to be on the safe side."

"Toys that can't be dry cleaned or washed must be thrown out."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A: This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching, as washing all recently used clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water can help eliminate lice and nits (eggs). Lice and nits can survive on fabrics for up to two days and can spread from one person to another through direct or indirect contact. Washing items in hot water can kill lice and nits by exposing them to high temperatures.

Choice B: This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as nits will not always be present after treatment. Nits are tiny white or yellow oval-shaped eggs that are attached to the hair shaft near the scalp. Nits can hatch into nymphs (young lice) within seven to ten days and mature into adult lice within nine to twelve days. Nits can be removed by using a fine-toothed comb or by applying products that loosen their grip on the hair.

Choice C: This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as treating all family members may not be necessary or eﬀective. Treating all family members can expose them to unnecessary chemicals or medications that may have side effects or cause resistance. Treating all family members may also not prevent reinfestation if there are other sources of exposure such as school or daycare. Only family members who have evidence of lice or nits should be treated.

Choice D: This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as throwing out toys that can't be dry cleaned or washed may not be required or practical. Throwing out toys can cause emotional distress or financial burden for the child or the parents. Throwing out toys may also not prevent reinfestation if there are other sources of exposure such as clothing or bedding. Toys that can't be dry cleaned or washed can be sealed in plastic bags for two weeks to suﬀocate the lice and nits.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because a regular diet, no added salt may not be sufficient to prevent ﬂuid retention and hypertension in a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Acute glomerulonephritis is an inﬂammation of the glomeruli, which are the tiny blood vessels that filter blood in the kidneys. It may cause symptoms such as hematuria, proteinuria, oliguria, edema, or hypertension. Therefore, avoiding salt alone may not reduce sodium and water intake and excretion.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because a low-protein, low-potassium diet may not be necessary for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. A low-protein, low-potassium diet may be indicated for a child who has chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease, which can cause uremia, hyperkalemia, or metabolic acidosis. However, in acute glomerulonephritis, the kidney function usually recovers within weeks or months, and the protein and potassium levels are not significantly aﬀected.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because a low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet may not be appropriate for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. A low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet may be used for a child who has diabetes mellitus or ketosis-prone epilepsy, which can cause hyperglycemia or ketone production. However, in acute glomerulonephritis, carbohydrate metabolism is not impaired, and the protein intake should be adequate to prevent malnutrition and promote healing.

Choice D reason: This choice is correct because a low-sodium, ﬂuid-restricted diet is an appropriate diet for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. A low-sodium, ﬂuid-restricted diet helps to reduce the ﬂuid retention and hypertension by limiting the sodium and water intake and excretion. The sodium intake should be less than 2 g per day, and the ﬂuid intake should be equal to the urine output plus 500 mL per day.

A. At the end B. Before auscultating the chest and abdomen C. At the beginning D. Before examining the head and neck

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This choice is correct because examining the child's tympanic membrane at the end of the physical examination is the best strategy to avoid upsetting or frightening the child. The tympanic membrane is the thin membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear, and it can be examined by using an otoscope, which is a device that has a light and a magnifying lens. Examining the tympanic membrane may be uncomfortable or painful for the child, especially if they have an ear infection or inﬂammation. Therefore, performing this procedure at the end of the examination can help to minimize the child's distress and resistance.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because examining the child's tympanic membrane before auscultating the chest and abdomen is not a good strategy to avoid upsetting or frightening the child. Auscultating the chest and abdomen is a procedure that involves listening to the sounds of the heart, lungs, and bowel by using a stethoscope, which is a device that has a chest piece and earpieces. Auscultating the chest and abdomen may be soothing or relaxing for the child, as it does not cause any discomfort or pain. Therefore, performing this procedure before examining the tympanic membrane can help to calm and distract the child.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because examining the child's tympanic membrane at the beginning of the physical examination is not a good strategy to avoid upsetting or frightening the child. Examining the tympanic membrane at the beginning of the examination may cause anxiety or fear in the child, which can affect their cooperation and trust for the rest of the examination. Therefore, performing this procedure at the beginning of the examination can increase the child's distress and resistance.

Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because examining the child's tympanic membrane before examining the
head and neck is not a good strategy to avoid upsetting or frightening the child. Examining the head and neck is a procedure that involves inspecting and palpating the scalp, hair, face, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, throat, lymph nodes, and thyroid gland. Examining the head and neck may be easy or pleasant for the child, as it does not cause any discomfort or pain. Therefore, performing this procedure before examining the tympanic membrane can help to establish rapport and confidence with the child.

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A school nurse identifies that a child has pediculosis capitis and educates the child's parents about the condition. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35mL of urine per hour. The nurse should place the client on which of the following diets?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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