A public health nurse is recruiting Black men for a research study on coronary artery disease. Which of the following reasons explains the importance for the nurse to have knowledge of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study provides guidelines for recruitment of Black and African-American research participants.

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study demonstrated a correlation between coronary artery disease and syphilis.

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study excluded Black men.

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study is a source of distrust and a barrier to Black clients participating in research studies.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study does not provide guidelines for the recruitment of Black and African-American research participants. Instead, it is a historical example of unethical research practices that led to significant harm and mistrust within the Black community. The study involved misleading and withholding treatment from Black men with syphilis, which has had long-lasting effects on their willingness to participate in research.

Choice B Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study did not demonstrate a correlation between coronary artery disease and syphilis. The study was focused solely on the natural progression of untreated syphilis in Black men. It did not investigate or establish any links to coronary artery disease. This choice is incorrect as it misrepresents the purpose and findings of the study.

Choice C Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study did not exclude Black men; in fact, it specifically targeted Black men for participation. The study involved 600 Black men, 399 of whom had syphilis and 201 who did not. The men were misled about the nature of the study and were not provided with adequate treatment, even after penicillin became the standard treatment for syphilis. This choice is incorrect as it inaccurately describes the study's participant selection.

Choice D Reason:
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study is indeed a source of distrust and a barrier to Black clients participating in research studies. The unethical treatment of the participants, including the lack of informed consent and the withholding of effective treatment, has led to a deep-seated mistrust of medical research within the Black community. This mistrust can make it challenging to recruit Black participants for research studies, as they may fear similar exploitation and harm.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: Quaternary
Quaternary prevention focuses on identifying patients at risk of over-medicalization and protecting them from unnecessary medical interventions. It aims to prevent harm from excessive or inappropriate medical care. This level of prevention is not applicable to the scenario of tube feeding, which is a necessary and appropriate medical intervention for the student's condition.

Choice B: Primary
Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of disease or injury before it occurs. This includes measures such as vaccination, health education, and lifestyle modifications to reduce risk factors. Tube feeding does not fall under primary prevention, as it is not aimed at preventing the initial occurrence of a health issue but rather managing an existing condition.

Choice C: Tertiary
This is the correct choice. Tertiary prevention involves managing and improving the quality of life for individuals with chronic or long-term health conditions. It focuses on rehabilitation, treatment, and support to prevent complications and improve functional abilities. Helping a special needs student with tube feeding is an example of tertiary prevention, as it involves ongoing care and support to manage a chronic condition and enhance the student's well-being.

Choice D: Secondary
Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat disease or injury at an early stage to prevent progression. This includes screening programs, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment. Tube feeding is not a form of secondary prevention, as it is not focused on early detection or intervention but rather on managing an established health condition.

A. Evaluation B. Policy development C. Surveillance D. Linkages

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Evaluation is a core function of epidemiology that involves assessing the effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of health programs and interventions. While attending conferences can provide valuable insights and knowledge that contribute to evaluation efforts, the primary activity described in the scenario is networking and staying current, which aligns more closely with the concept of linkages.

Choice B Reason:
Policy development is another critical function of epidemiology, focusing on creating and advocating for policies that promote public health. Although attending conferences can inform policy development by providing the latest research and best practices, the main activity in the scenario is interacting with colleagues and staying updated, which is more about building connections and collaborations.

Choice C Reason:
Surveillance involves the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data to monitor and prevent disease outbreaks. While conferences can offer updates on surveillance methods and findings, the nurse's primary engagement in the scenario is networking and professional development, which does not directly involve surveillance activities.

Choice D Reason:
Linkages refer to the connections and collaborations between public health professionals, organizations, and communities. Attending the APHA meeting annually allows the nurse to build and maintain these linkages by interacting with colleagues and staying current in the field. These connections are essential for sharing knowledge, resources, and best practices, ultimately enhancing public health efforts.

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A public health nurse is recruiting Black men for a research study on coronary artery disease. Which of the following reasons explains the importance for the nurse to have knowledge of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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