A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on an inpatient unit that uses a privilege system. The nurse understands that this intervention integrates which group of theories?

Developmental

Humanistic

Cognitive

Behavioral

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:
Developmental theories focus on the progression of human growth and development through various stages of life. While these theories are important in understanding patient behavior and needs, they do not directly relate to the implementation of a privilege system in an inpatient unit. Privilege systems are more aligned with behavioral theories, which emphasize the modification of behavior through reinforcement and consequences.

Choice B reason:
Humanistic theories emphasize the individual’s capacity for self-actualization and personal growth. These theories focus on the holistic development of the person and the importance of empathy and unconditional positive regard in therapeutic relationships. Although humanistic approaches are valuable in mental health care, they do not specifically address the structured reinforcement strategies used in privilege systems.

Choice C reason:
Cognitive theories focus on the role of thought processes in influencing emotions and behaviors. These theories are crucial in understanding and treating mental health conditions, particularly through cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). However, the privilege system, which relies on tangible rewards and consequences to shape behavior, is more closely related to behavioral theories rather than cognitive ones.

Choice D reason:
Behavioral theories are directly related to the use of a privilege system. These theories emphasize the use of reinforcement and punishment to modify behavior. In an inpatient setting, a privilege system is used to encourage desirable behaviors by providing rewards (privileges) and discouraging undesirable behaviors through the removal of privileges. This approach is grounded in the principles of operant conditioning, a key concept in behavioral theories.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but serious side effect of antipsychotic medications. It is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. The client’s description of needing to move around does not align with the symptoms of NMS.
Choice B reason:
Akathisia is a common side effect of first-generation antipsychotic medications. It is characterized by a feeling of inner restlessness and an urgent need to move. The client’s behavior of pacing and the statement “I just need to move around” are indicative of akathisia.
Choice C reason:
Tardive dyskinesia is a long-term side effect of antipsychotic medications, characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements, particularly of the face and tongue. The client’s symptoms of needing to move around do not match the typical presentation of tardive dyskinesia.
Choice D reason:
Impaired ability to regulate body temperature can occur with antipsychotic medications, but it is not characterized by the need to move around. The client’s symptoms are more consistent with akathisia rather than issues with thermoregulation.

A. Illusion B. Hallucination C. Attention-seeking behavior D. Self-mutilation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:
An illusion is a misinterpretation of a real external stimulus. For example, seeing a shadow and thinking it is a person. The client’s statement does not indicate a misinterpretation of reality but rather a desire to inflict harm on themselves.
Choice B reason:
A hallucination is a false sensory perception without any real external stimulus, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there. The client’s statement does not suggest they are experiencing a hallucination but rather expressing a desire to self-harm.
Choice C reason:
Attention-seeking behavior involves actions taken to gain attention from others. While the client’s statement could be seen as a cry for help, it is more accurately identified as a risk for self-mutilation due to the explicit mention of wanting to cut themselves.
Choice D reason:
Self-mutilation refers to deliberate self-inflicted harm, often as a way to cope with emotional pain. The client’s statement, “Give me your pen to cut the pain out of my chest,” clearly indicates a risk for self-mutilation, as they are expressing a desire to harm themselves to alleviate emotional distress.

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A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on an inpatient unit that uses a privilege system. The nurse understands that this intervention integrates which group of theories?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder. The client says to the nurse, “Give me your pen to cut the pain out of my chest.” The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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