A provider orders a diagnostic test for a client with a urinary tract infection. The test will determine the strain of bacteria causing the infection and determine the antibiotic that will treat the infection. The nurse knows this test is called which of the following?
urine culture and sensitivity
serum creatinine level
urinalysis
kidney scan
The Correct Answer is A
A. Urine culture and sensitivity
Explanation: A urine culture and sensitivity test involves growing bacteria from a urine sample in a laboratory setting. Once the bacteria have grown, they are exposed to different antibiotics to see which one is most effective in inhibiting their growth. This helps healthcare providers identify the specific strain of bacteria causing the infection and choose the most appropriate antibiotic treatment.
B. Serum creatinine level
Explanation: Serum creatinine level is a blood test used to measure kidney function. It evaluates how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. While important for assessing kidney health, it does not determine the specific bacteria causing a urinary tract infection or the appropriate antibiotic treatment.
C. Urinalysis
Explanation: Urinalysis is a broad screening test that assesses various components in the urine, such as red and white blood cells, protein, glucose, and bacteria. While it can detect signs of a urinary tract infection (such as the presence of bacteria and white blood cells), it does not identify the specific bacterial strain causing the infection or provide information about antibiotic sensitivity.
D. Kidney scan
Explanation: A kidney scan, also known as a renal scan, is a medical imaging technique used to assess the structure and function of the kidneys. It can help diagnose conditions like kidney stones, urinary obstruction, or kidney infections. However, it does not determine the strain of bacteria causing a urinary tract infection or guide antibiotic treatment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. McBurney's point on the abdomen: McBurney's point is a location in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen that is significant in the assessment for appendicitis. It is not relevant to the assessment of pyelonephritis, which is a kidney infection.
B. Psoas sign at the knee: The psoas sign is a test for appendicitis, not pyelonephritis. It involves the patient lying on their back and lifting their right leg against resistance. If this movement causes pain in the lower right abdomen, it could indicate irritation of the psoas muscle due to an inflamed appendix.
C. Rovsing's Sign on the abdomen: Rovsing's sign is also a test for appendicitis. It involves palpating the left lower quadrant of the abdomen and observing if it causes pain in the right lower quadrant. The presence of pain in the right lower quadrant during palpation of the left lower quadrant can indicate appendicitis. This sign is not specific to pyelonephritis.
D. Costovertebral angle (CVA) on the back: The CVA is located on the back at the angle formed by the 12th rib and the spine. Percussion of the CVA is a common technique used to assess for kidney tenderness. In the case of acute pyelonephritis, infection and inflammation of the kidneys can cause tenderness and pain in the CVA area. Therefore, this area is assessed for pain related to kidney infections like pyelonephritis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Chronic pain - Chronic pain is a concern for the client, but addressing the underlying issue of ineffective tissue perfusion will help alleviate pain by promoting healing and reducing tissue damage.
B. Impaired skin integrity - Impaired skin integrity is a result of ineffective tissue perfusion. By addressing perfusion issues, skin integrity can be improved as tissues receive adequate oxygen and nutrients for healing.
C. Risk for injury - While clients with arterial insufficiency ulcers are at risk for injury, the immediate concern is addressing the ineffective tissue perfusion to prevent complications related to poor circulation, such as tissue necrosis and infection.
D. Ineffective tissue perfusion- Arterial insufficiency ulcers are caused by inadequate blood flow to the tissues. The priority issue for a client with an arterial insufficiency ulcer is ineffective tissue perfusion. Due to decreased blood flow, tissues do not receive enough oxygen and nutrients, leading to delayed wound healing, tissue damage, and potential complications. Interventions should focus on improving circulation, promoting vasodilation, and enhancing perfusion to facilitate wound healing and prevent further tissue damage.
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