A provider orders a diagnostic test for a client with a urinary tract infection. The test will determine the strain of bacteria causing the infection and determine the antibiotic that will treat the infection. The nurse knows this test is called which of the following?
urine culture and sensitivity
serum creatinine level
urinalysis
kidney scan
The Correct Answer is A
A. Urine culture and sensitivity
Explanation: A urine culture and sensitivity test involves growing bacteria from a urine sample in a laboratory setting. Once the bacteria have grown, they are exposed to different antibiotics to see which one is most effective in inhibiting their growth. This helps healthcare providers identify the specific strain of bacteria causing the infection and choose the most appropriate antibiotic treatment.
B. Serum creatinine level
Explanation: Serum creatinine level is a blood test used to measure kidney function. It evaluates how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. While important for assessing kidney health, it does not determine the specific bacteria causing a urinary tract infection or the appropriate antibiotic treatment.
C. Urinalysis
Explanation: Urinalysis is a broad screening test that assesses various components in the urine, such as red and white blood cells, protein, glucose, and bacteria. While it can detect signs of a urinary tract infection (such as the presence of bacteria and white blood cells), it does not identify the specific bacterial strain causing the infection or provide information about antibiotic sensitivity.
D. Kidney scan
Explanation: A kidney scan, also known as a renal scan, is a medical imaging technique used to assess the structure and function of the kidneys. It can help diagnose conditions like kidney stones, urinary obstruction, or kidney infections. However, it does not determine the strain of bacteria causing a urinary tract infection or guide antibiotic treatment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Malunion: Malunion happens when a fractured bone heals in an improper position, leading to deformity and functional impairment. While it is a concern, it typically develops over time during the healing process and is not an immediate early complication that the nurse would monitor for in the acute phase following a fracture.
B. Compartment syndrome: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition that can occur after an injury, such as a fracture. When there is increased pressure within a muscle compartment, it can lead to reduced blood flow, potentially causing tissue damage and nerve injury. Prompt recognition and intervention are crucial to prevent complications.
C. Fat embolism: Fat embolism occurs when fat particles from the bone marrow or other sources enter the bloodstream, often after a long bone fracture or major trauma. These particles can travel to the lungs and other organs, causing respiratory distress, confusion, and other symptoms. Fat embolism is a significant concern in orthopedic trauma patients and requires careful monitoring.
D. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): DVT is the formation of blood clots in deep veins, usually in the legs. Patients with fractures, especially those immobilized for extended periods, are at increased risk for DVT. If a clot dislodges and travels to the lungs, it can cause a pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening complication.
E. Pulmonary emboli: Pulmonary emboli occur when blood clots, often originating from DVT, travel to the lungs and block pulmonary arteries. This condition can lead to sudden difficulty breathing, chest pain, and even cardiac arrest. Pulmonary embolism is a medical emergency and requires immediate intervention.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Sedentary lifestyle - Lack of weight-bearing exercise and physical activity is a significant risk factor for the development of osteoporosis. Weight-bearing exercises help maintain bone density and strength. Sedentary individuals are more prone to osteoporosis.
B. Long-term use of diuretics - Long-term use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids, can increase the risk of osteoporosis. Diuretics are not typically associated with osteoporosis risk, although some medications can affect bone health.
C. Prolonged stress - Chronic stress can have negative effects on overall health, but it is not a direct risk factor for osteoporosis.
D. Obesity - Obesity is generally considered a protective factor against osteoporosis. Individuals with higher body weight tend to have stronger bones due to the mechanical load placed on the bones, reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
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