A client is admitted to the orthopedic unit with a fractured femur after a motorcycle accident. The client has been placed in traction until his femur can be rodded in surgery. For what early complications should the nurse monitor this client? Select all that apply.
Malunion
Compartment syndrome
Fat embolism
Deep vein thrombosis
Pulmonary emboli
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E
A. Malunion: Malunion happens when a fractured bone heals in an improper position, leading to deformity and functional impairment. While it is a concern, it typically develops over time during the healing process and is not an immediate early complication that the nurse would monitor for in the acute phase following a fracture.
B. Compartment syndrome: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition that can occur after an injury, such as a fracture. When there is increased pressure within a muscle compartment, it can lead to reduced blood flow, potentially causing tissue damage and nerve injury. Prompt recognition and intervention are crucial to prevent complications.
C. Fat embolism: Fat embolism occurs when fat particles from the bone marrow or other sources enter the bloodstream, often after a long bone fracture or major trauma. These particles can travel to the lungs and other organs, causing respiratory distress, confusion, and other symptoms. Fat embolism is a significant concern in orthopedic trauma patients and requires careful monitoring.
D. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): DVT is the formation of blood clots in deep veins, usually in the legs. Patients with fractures, especially those immobilized for extended periods, are at increased risk for DVT. If a clot dislodges and travels to the lungs, it can cause a pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening complication.
E. Pulmonary emboli: Pulmonary emboli occur when blood clots, often originating from DVT, travel to the lungs and block pulmonary arteries. This condition can lead to sudden difficulty breathing, chest pain, and even cardiac arrest. Pulmonary embolism is a medical emergency and requires immediate intervention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Stretching exercises:
Stretching exercises involve gently elongating muscles and tendons, promoting flexibility and range of motion. For individuals with osteoporosis, stretching exercises can improve balance and reduce the risk of falls, which is crucial as osteoporosis weakens bones and makes individuals more prone to fractures.
B. Riding a bicycle:
Bicycling is a low-impact cardiovascular exercise that is easy on the joints. It can help improve cardiovascular health, but it might not specifically address the balance and flexibility issues often associated with osteoporosis. However, it's a good option for overall fitness and joint health.
C. Walking briskly:
Brisk walking is an excellent low-impact aerobic exercise. It improves cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles, and aids in weight management. Walking can be adapted to various fitness levels, making it a suitable exercise for many older adults. While it doesn't specifically focus on flexibility, it promotes overall health and well-being.
D. High-impact aerobics:
High-impact aerobics involve activities like jumping, running, or intense dancing. These exercises can stress the bones and joints, potentially leading to injuries, especially for individuals with osteoporosis. High-impact exercises are generally discouraged for people with osteoporosis due to the increased risk of fractures.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Apply cold compress to the client's flank area - Applying a warm compress, not a cold one, to the flank area can help alleviate pain associated with urolithiasis. Heat can promote muscle relaxation and increase blood flow to the area, potentially easing discomfort.
B. Restrict protein intake to 2 servings per day - There is no direct connection between protein intake and urolithiasis. However, specific dietary recommendations may vary based on the type of kidney stones a person has. For example, individuals with certain types of stones might be advised to limit oxalate-rich foods. It's essential to tailor dietary advice based on the composition of the stones.
C. Encourage intake of at least 3 L of fluids per day - Adequate fluid intake, particularly water, is crucial for preventing the formation of kidney stones. Increased fluid intake can help dilute substances in the urine that contribute to stone formation, reducing the risk of stone recurrence.
D. Discourage ambulation - Encouraging ambulation and movement is generally beneficial for patients with urolithiasis. Movement can help alleviate discomfort, prevent complications such as blood clots, and promote overall well-being. Restricting movement unnecessarily is not advisable.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.