A nurse is caring for a client who has urinary incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Apply corn-starch to the client’s skin.

Allow the client’s skin to air-dry after cleaning.

Clean the client’s skin with a pH-balanced cleanser.

Use hot water to clean the client’s skin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Urinary incontinence can lead to skin irritation and breakdown if the skin is not properly cleaned 1. Using a pH-balanced cleanser can help maintain the skin’s natural acidity and prevent irritation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The client is likely experiencing the acute illness stage of infection, which is characterized by the appearance of specific signs and symptoms of the disease. During this stage, the individual may feel ill and exhibit symptoms such as sneezing, productive cough, muscle aches, headache, and fever.

A. Inﬂammatory cells are activated B. Release of inﬂammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein C. Inﬂammatory pathways are triggered D. Recognition of harmful stimuli by patern receptors on cell surfaces

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The first step in the inﬂammatory response is the recognition of harmful stimuli by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on the surfaces of various cells, including immune cells and non-immune cells. PRRs recognize specific patterns associated with pathogens, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), among others. This recognition leads to the activation of signaling pathways that promote the recruitment and activation of immune cells and the release of inﬂammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines.

Once the PRRs recognize the harmful stimuli, inﬂammatory cells are activated, including neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. These cells then release inﬂammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, which promote the recruitment and activation of more immune cells and further amplify the inﬂammatory response. Inﬂammatory pathways are also triggered, leading to the production of various inﬂammatory mediators and the activation of transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in the inﬂammatory response.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has urinary incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who reports sneezing, productive cough, muscle aches, headache, and fever that has progressed over the last 4 days. Which of the following stages of infection is the client likely experiencing?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a class about the steps of the inﬂammatory response. The nurse should include that which of the following is the first step in the inﬂammatory response?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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