A nurse educator is providing an in-service to nursing staff about urinary tract infections (UTP). Which statements made by the staff validate they understand the etiology and pathophysiology of UTIs? Select all that apply.
"UTI’s can be caused by urethrovesical reflux which is the backward flow of urine from the urethra to the bladder after coughing, sneezing or straining"
"UTI’s are more common in women due to their longer urethras"
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) is a protein in the urinary tract that exerts a nonadherent protective effect against various bacteria"
The organism most often responsible for UTI's in older adults is staphylococcus."
The normal urinary tract is sterile above the urethra."
Correct Answer : A,C,E
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["200"]
Explanation
To calculate the rate at which the nurse should program the pump in milliliters per hour, you can use the following formula:
Rate (mL/hour) = Volume (mL) / Time (hours)
In this case, the volume is 1,000 mL (1 liter), and the time is 5 hours. Plugging these values into the formula:
Rate (mL/hour) = 1,000 mL / 5 hours = 200 mL/hour
So, the nurse should program the pump to administer the normal saline at a rate of 200 milliliters per hour.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Explanation:
A. Promptly inform the primary provider:
Explanation: Compartment syndrome is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention. If a nurse suspects compartment syndrome due to symptoms like severe unrelieved pain, absent pulses, and pale extremities, the most appropriate action is to promptly inform the primary healthcare provider. The provider can assess the situation, order necessary diagnostic tests, and potentially arrange for emergent interventions like fasciotomy to relieve compartment pressure.
B. Reassess the client's neurovascular status in 15 minutes:
Explanation: Waiting for 15 minutes to reassess the client's neurovascular status is not appropriate in this situation. Compartment syndrome can progress rapidly, leading to irreversible tissue damage within a short time frame. Delaying assessment and intervention can result in significant complications.
C. Warm the client's foot and determine whether circulation improves:
Explanation: Warming the foot is not appropriate in this context. Compartment syndrome is caused by increased pressure within the muscle compartment, leading to compromised circulation. Warming the foot will not address the underlying issue of elevated compartment pressure and can potentially worsen the condition by dilating blood vessels and increasing pressure further.
D. Reposition the client with the affected foot dependent:
Explanation: Repositioning the client with the affected foot dependent is contraindicated in compartment syndrome. Elevating the limb can worsen the condition by further restricting blood flow. The limb should be kept at or slightly below the level of the heart to maintain adequate perfusion until medical intervention can be initiated.
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