A patient's ABG shows: pH 7.32. PaCO2 50 mmHg. HCO3 24 mEq/L. What is the correct diagnosis?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Metabolic acidosis would be indicated by a low pH and a low HCO3, which is not present in this case since HCO3 is normal.
B. The pH of 7.32 indicates acidemia, and a PaCO2 of 50 mmHg suggests respiratory acidosis as the body is retaining carbon dioxide, contributing to the low pH. The HCO3 is normal, indicating that there is no metabolic compensation occurring.
C. Respiratory alkalosis would show a high pH and low PaCO2, which is not the case here.
D. Metabolic alkalosis would present with a high pH and elevated HCO3, which is also not present in these ABG results.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Furosemide is a diuretic and is not indicated in the acute management of anaphylaxis.
B. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that may be used later to reduce inflammation but is not the first-line treatment in anaphylaxis.
C. Dobutamine is a medication used to treat heart failure and shock but does not address the acute allergic reaction.
D. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock, as it acts quickly to reverse severe allergic reactions by causing vasoconstriction, bronchodilation, and inhibiting further release of mediators from mast cells.

A. Assess the client's airway. B. Call the emergency response team. C. Apply high-flow oxygen. D. Initiate IV access. E. Administer IV epinephrine. F. Administer IV antihistamines.

Correct Answer is A,B,C,D,E,F

Explanation

1. Assessing the client's airway is the priority to determine if there is any obstruction or compromise due to swelling.

2. Calling the emergency response team ensures that additional medical help is on the way if the situation worsens.

3. Applying high-flow oxygen is critical to address potential hypoxia from airway swelling.

4. Initiating IV access is necessary for administering medications.

5. Administering IV epinephrine is essential to counteract severe allergic reactions, such as angioedema.

6. Administering IV antihistamines can help alleviate symptoms but is secondary to the immediate interventions for airway management and epinephrine administration.

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A patient's ABG shows: pH 7.32. PaCO2 50 mmHg. HCO3 24 mEq/L. What is the correct diagnosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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