A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood gas results: HCO3-, 18 mEq, PaCO, 28 mm Hg and pH 7.30. The nurse recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following acid base imbalances?
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Respiratory acidosis would typically involve an elevated PaCO2, which is not seen in this case.
B. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an elevated bicarbonate level, which is not present in this scenario.
C. Respiratory alkalosis would present with a low PaCO2 and an elevated pH, which is not the case here.
D. The low bicarbonate level (HCO3) 18mEq/L (normal range of 22-26 mEq/L), and low pH 7.30 (normal range of 7.35-7.45), indicate metabolic acidosis. suggesting acidemia. The PaCO2 is also low at 28 mm Hg, indicating a respiratory compensation for the metabolic acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Muscle hypertrophy is not a typical manifestation of hypercortisolism; rather, muscle weakness and wasting may occur.
B. Moon face, or rounded facial appearance with prominent cheeks, is a characteristic manifestation of hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome).
C. A butterfly rash on the face is not specific to hypercortisolism; it may suggest other conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
D. Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypercortisolism.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hyperkalemia is a common finding in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury due to impaired renal function, leading to decreased potassium excretion.
B. Hypomagnesemia is not typically associated with the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
C. In the oliguric phase, the glomerular filtration rate is typically decreased, not increased.
D. In acute kidney injury, creatinine levels typically rise due to decreased renal function, rather than decrease.
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