A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?

Methylprednisolone

Dobutamine

Furosemide

Epinephrine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Methylprednisolone is a crucial medication in managing anaphylaxis but it takes longer to act compared to epinephrine and is not the immediate first-line treatment.
B. Dobutamine is a vasopressor used to treat heart failure. However, it's not indicated in the initial management of anaphylaxis.
C. Furosemide is a diuretic used for conditions like heart failure and edema. It has no role in treating anaphylaxis.
D. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock. It rapidly reverses the life-threatening effects of anaphylaxis by constricting blood vessels, relaxing airway muscles, and stimulating the heart.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This would be overwhelming for a client with global aphasia, as they have difficulty processing information.
B. This is the correct approach. Breaking down information into smaller, manageable chunks makes it easier for the client to understand.
C. While consistency is important, limiting communication to one method can be restrictive. It's better to use a variety of techniques (verbal, nonverbal, written, etc.) to support understanding.
D. This can be limiting and frustrating for the client. It's essential to encourage all forms of communication, even if it's difficult.

A. Increased clotting factors B. Excessive thrombosis and bleeding C. Progressive increase in platelet product D. Immediate sodium and fluid retention

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. In DIC, there is actually a consumption of clotting factors rather than an increase. The widespread activation of the clotting cascade leads to the consumption of clotting factors and platelets as they are used up in forming numerous small blood clots throughout the body. This depletion results in a paradoxical bleeding tendency due to a shortage of clotting factors.
B. This is characteristic of DIC. The condition involves both excessive clotting (thrombosis) and bleeding. The formation of small clots throughout the microcirculation leads to organ damage and depletion of clotting factors and platelets, which in turn causes bleeding tendencies. This dual process of clot formation and bleeding is a hallmark of DIC.
C. In DIC, there is a decrease in platelet count, not an increase. The condition causes widespread clotting, which consumes platelets rapidly, leading to a low platelet count. Therefore, a progressive increase in platelet count would not be expected in DIC.
D. Sodium and fluid retention are not primary features of DIC. Instead, DIC typically presents with symptoms related to clotting and bleeding rather than fluid balance. Fluid retention would be more associated with other conditions like heart failure or renal disorders, not directly with DIC.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?

Nursing Test Bank

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