A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?

Methylprednisolone

Dobutamine

Furosemide

Epinephrine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Methylprednisolone is a crucial medication in managing anaphylaxis but it takes longer to act compared to epinephrine and is not the immediate first-line treatment.
B. Dobutamine is a vasopressor used to treat heart failure. However, it's not indicated in the initial management of anaphylaxis.
C. Furosemide is a diuretic used for conditions like heart failure and edema. It has no role in treating anaphylaxis.
D. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock. It rapidly reverses the life-threatening effects of anaphylaxis by constricting blood vessels, relaxing airway muscles, and stimulating the heart.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Elevating the head of the bed is a cornerstone of managing increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Elevating the head of the bed to 30 degrees promotes venous drainage from the brain, helping to reduce ICP.
B. A brightly lit environment can stimulate the patient and increase ICP. A calm, dark environment is preferred.
C. Fluid restriction, not encouragement, is often necessary to manage ICP. Excessive fluid can increase intracranial volume.
D. Controlled coughing and deep breathing are important for lung expansion but coughing and straining can increase ICP. Gentle breathing exercises are preferred.

A. Spinal cord degeneration B. Decorticate posturing C. Atypical hyperreflexia D. Decerebrate posturing

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Spinal cord degeneration is a general term for the deterioration of the spinal cord and doesn't specifically describe the patient's posture.
B. Decorticate posturing is characterized by the arms flexed and adducted, with the wrists and fingers flexed. The legs are extended and adducted, with the feet plantar flexed.
C. Atypical hyperreflexia refers to exaggerated reflexes, not a specific posture.

D. Decerebrate posturing is characterized by the arms extended and pronated, with the wrists and fingers flexed. The legs are stiffly extended with plantar flexion.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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