Which of the following signs is most commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis?

Muscle weakness and confusion

Decreased deep tendon reflexes and hypotension

Bradycardia and decreased respiratory rate

Rapid, shallow breathing and feelings of panic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Muscle weakness and confusion are more commonly associated with metabolic or mixed acid-base disturbances rather than respiratory alkalosis specifically.
B. Decreased deep tendon reflexes and hypotension are not typical signs of respiratory alkalosis, which usually involves changes in breathing patterns.
C. Bradycardia and decreased respiratory rate are more likely associated with respiratory acidosis or other conditions, not with respiratory alkalosis.
D. Rapid, shallow breathing, often due to anxiety or panic attacks, is characteristic of respiratory alkalosis. Patients may also report feelings of panic due to the hyperventilation that leads to this condition.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A phlebotomist collecting blood from clients who have HIV is at the greatest risk due to the potential for exposure to infected blood, especially if safety precautions are not properly followed.
B. A nurse working for an insurance company collecting urine samples is at a lower risk, as urine is not a primary mode of HIV transmission.
C. A personal trainer working with a client who has HIV may be at risk if there are open wounds, but the risk is less compared to healthcare workers directly handling blood.
D. An occupational therapist working with a client who has HIV may have some exposure risk, but it is significantly lower than that of a phlebotomist who handles blood samples.

A. Pneumocystis lung infection B. Fungal and bacterial infections C. Flu-like symptoms and night sweats D. Kaposi's sarcoma

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Pneumocystis lung infection is an opportunistic infection that typically occurs in later stages of HIV/AIDS when the immune system is significantly weakened, not during the initial phase of infection.
B. Fungal and bacterial infections are also associated with advanced HIV/AIDS due to immunosuppression and not seen in the initial phase of infection.
C. Flu-like symptoms and night sweats are common initial symptoms of HIV infection, often occurring 2-4 weeks after exposure during the acute retroviral syndrome phase.
D. Kaposi's sarcoma is a cancer associated with advanced HIV/AIDS and does not manifest during the initial symptoms of infection.

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Which of the following signs is most commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A group of nurses are discussing risk factors for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from clients. Which of the following individuals should the nurse identify as being at the greatest risk for contracting HIV?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is presenting a community-based program about HIV and AIDS. A client asks the nurse to describe the initial symptoms experienced with HIV infection. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the explanation of initial symptoms?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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