Which stage of the HIV lifecycle involves the virus attaching to the host cell membrane?

Binding

Integration

Fusion

Reverse Transcription

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Binding is the initial step where the HIV virus attaches to the CD4 receptor on the host cell's surface. This interaction is crucial for the subsequent entry of the virus into the host cell.
B. Integration occurs later in the lifecycle, after the virus has entered the host cell and its RNA is converted to DNA.
C. Fusion refers to the process where the viral envelope fuses with the host cell membrane to allow entry into the cell, which follows the binding stage.
D. Reverse Transcription is the process of converting viral RNA into DNA after the virus has entered the host cell, and is not involved in the attachment phase.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Oliguria, or decreased urine output, is a common finding in hypovolemia due to reduced renal perfusion and decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
B. Hypertension is unlikely in hypovolemia; instead, clients typically exhibit hypotension due to decreased circulating blood volume.
C. Bradycardia is not a typical finding in hypovolemia; instead, tachycardia is more commonly observed as the body compensates for reduced blood volume.
D. Peripheral edema is associated with fluid overload rather than hypovolemia, as a decrease in blood volume usually leads to less fluid accumulation in the tissues.

A. Flushing of the skin B. Oliguria C. Bradypnea D. Hypertension

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Flushing of the skin is not typical in hypovolemic shock; rather, the skin is usually cool and clammy due to vasoconstriction.
B. Oliguria, or decreased urine output, is expected in hypovolemic shock as the kidneys receive less blood flow, leading to reduced urine production.
C. Bradypnea is not a common finding in hypovolemic shock; instead, tachypnea (increased respiratory rate) is typically observed due to compensatory mechanisms for hypoxia and acidosis.
D. Hypertension is not expected in hypovolemic shock; instead, the client typically presents with hypotension due to decreased blood volume and pressure.

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Which stage of the HIV lifecycle involves the virus attaching to the host cell membrane?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypovolemic shock. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an expected finding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood gas results: HCO3 18 mEq, PaCO2 28 mm Hg, and pH 7.30. The nurse recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

A nurse is preparing to transfuse one unit of packed RBC to a client who experienced a mild allergic reaction during a previous transfusion. The nurse should administer diphenhydramine prior to the transfusion for which of the following allergic responses?

A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV and a CD4-T-cell count of 150/mm³. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor the client for?

In which stage of the HIV lifecycle does the enzyme integrase play a crucial role, and what is its function in that stage?

A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for shock. Which of the following findings is the earliest indicator that this complication is developing?

A nurse is educating a client who has HIV about the infection process. Which of the following features of the virus should the nurse explain can result in opportunistic infection?

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?

Which of the following signs is most commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis?