A nurse is educating a client who has HIV about the infection process. Which of the following features of the virus should the nurse explain can result in opportunistic infection?

Conversion of the virus's RNA into DNA

Having reverse transcriptase enzyme

Containing only a single strand of genetic material

Ability to target and destroy CD4 lymphocytes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The conversion of RNA into DNA is a critical step in the HIV lifecycle, but it does not directly lead to opportunistic infections; instead, it allows the virus to integrate into the host’s genome.
B. Having reverse transcriptase enzyme is a characteristic of retroviruses like HIV that facilitates replication, but it does not cause opportunistic infections directly.
C. HIV containing a single strand of genetic material is a feature of its classification as a retrovirus but is not related to the risk of opportunistic infections.
D. The ability of HIV to target and destroy CD4 lymphocytes is the key reason for opportunistic infections. CD4 cells are crucial for the immune response, and their depletion leads to immunosuppression, making the client susceptible to infections that would not typically affect an individual with a healthy immune system.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Fluid overload is not an allergic reaction but rather a complication of transfusion related to the volume of fluid administered, thus diphenhydramine would not be appropriate.
B. Urticaria, or hives, is a common mild allergic reaction that can occur during blood transfusions. Administering diphenhydramine can help prevent or treat this response.
C. Hemolysis is a serious reaction involving the destruction of red blood cells, often due to blood type incompatibility; it is not alleviated by antihistamines.
D. Fever can occur during transfusions but is typically due to non-specific immune reactions and does not respond to diphenhydramine.

A. Respiratory alkalosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Metabolic acidosis D. Metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and low PaCO2, which is not evident in this scenario where the pH is low and PaCO2 is elevated.
B. The low pH of 7.3 indicates acidemia, and the elevated PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg suggests respiratory acidosis, where the body is retaining carbon dioxide, leading to an increase in acidity.
C. Metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH and a normal or decreased PaCO2, which is not the case here since the PaCO2 is elevated.
D. Metabolic alkalosis would show a high pH and elevated HCO3 levels, which is not consistent with the given ABG results.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A nurse is educating a client who has HIV about the infection process. Which of the following features of the virus should the nurse explain can result in opportunistic infection?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to transfuse one unit of packed RBC to a client who experienced a mild allergic reaction during a previous transfusion. The nurse should administer diphenhydramine prior to the transfusion for which of the following allergic responses?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gas results show a pH of 7.3 and a PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for shock. Which of the following findings is the earliest indicator that this complication is developing?

In which stage of the HIV lifecycle does the enzyme integrase play a crucial role, and what is its function in that stage?

A nurse is caring for a client who was sexually assaulted. An assessment of the client indicates that they might have been exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following questions is most important to ask the client?

A nurse is caring for a client who receives furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client due to this medication?

A nurse and a newly licensed nurse are providing care for a client who has distributive shock. How should the nurse explain the pathophysiology of distributive shock to the newly licensed nurse?

A nurse in a clinic is assessing a client who has AIDS and a significantly decreased CD4-T-cell count. The nurse should recognize that the client is at risk for developing which of the following infectious oral conditions?

A nurse is assessing a client for a suspected anaphylactic reaction following a CT scan with contrast media. For which of the following client findings should the nurse intervene first?

A nurse is monitoring a client who received epinephrine for angioedema after a first dose of losartan. Which of the following data indicates a therapeutic response to the epinephrine?