A nurse is teaching a client who has septic shock about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage."

"DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen."

"DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency."

"DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage": This statement is not accurate. While heparin may be used in the treatment of DIC, it is not a lifelong therapy, and the approach to treatment depends on the underlying cause.

B. "DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen": This is the correct answer. DIC is a condition characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade, leading to the formation of microthrombi throughout the body. Abnormal coagulation involves the consumption of clotting factors, including fibrinogen.

C. "DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency": This statement is not accurate. DIC is not a genetic disorder, and it is not primarily related to vitamin K deficiency. It is an acquired condition often associated with severe infections, sepsis, trauma, or other critical illnesses.

D. "DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count": This statement is not accurate. In DIC, there is often a decrease in platelet count due to consumption and activation of platelets in the widespread formation of microthrombi.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Instruct the woman to call 911: This is a correct action, but it should be the second step after the nurse initiates first aid measures. Directing someone to call for emergency assistance is crucial, but immediate intervention to relieve the choking takes precedence.

B. The Heimlich maneuver involves abdominal thrusts and is the recommended technique for relieving choking in a conscious person. It is essential to act quickly and decisively to clear the airway.

C. Ask the partner if he can speak: If the person is unable to speak, cough, or breathe, it may indicate complete airway obstruction. The nurse should not delay intervention by asking if the person can speak but should immediately proceed with measures to relieve the choking.

D. Perform chest compressions: Chest compressions are not indicated for a conscious choking victim. Chest compressions are performed in the context of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for an unconscious person with no pulse.

A. "The medication can take up to 15 minutes to take effect." B. "Place the blet under your tongue, and then take a small sip of water." C. "Avoid taking the medication prior to exercising." D. "Stop taking the medication and notify your provider if you develop a headache.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "The medication can take up to 15 minutes to take effect." - This statement is not accurate, sublingual nitroglycerin works rapidly and often provides relief within a few minutes.

B. Sublingual nitroglycerin is administered by placing the tablet under the tongue, and it should be allowed to dissolve or be absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes. It is not swallowed or chewed. The small sip of water can help facilitate the dissolving process.

C. "Avoid taking the medication prior to exercising." - This statement is not accurate. Nitroglycerin can be taken before anticipated exertion or activities that may trigger angina to prevent anginal episodes during physical activity.

D. "Stop taking the medication and notify your provider if you develop a headache." - While headaches are a common side effect of nitroglycerin, they are generally transient and not a reason to stop taking the medication. Persistent or severe headaches should be reported to the healthcare provider.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has septic shock about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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