A nurse is caring for a client who has a peanut allergy. The client ate peanut butter and is now experiencing anaphylaxis. Which of the following physiological responses should the nurse expect to occur?

Blood pressure increases.

Blood vessels become more permeable.

Blood vessels constrict.

White blood cells are destroyed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Blood pressure does not increase during anaphylaxis; instead, it typically decreases due to vasodilation and fluid leakage.
B. During anaphylaxis, blood vessels become more permeable, leading to the release of fluids into the tissues, which causes swelling and contributes to hypotension.
C. Blood vessels do not constrict during anaphylaxis; rather, they dilate as a part of the allergic response, resulting in decreased blood pressure.
D. While there is an immune response during anaphylaxis, white blood cells are not destroyed; rather, they are activated to respond to the allergen, leading to inflammation and other systemic effects.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The conversion of RNA into DNA is a critical step in the HIV lifecycle, but it does not directly lead to opportunistic infections; instead, it allows the virus to integrate into the host’s genome.
B. Having reverse transcriptase enzyme is a characteristic of retroviruses like HIV that facilitates replication, but it does not cause opportunistic infections directly.
C. HIV containing a single strand of genetic material is a feature of its classification as a retrovirus but is not related to the risk of opportunistic infections.
D. The ability of HIV to target and destroy CD4 lymphocytes is the key reason for opportunistic infections. CD4 cells are crucial for the immune response, and their depletion leads to immunosuppression, making the client susceptible to infections that would not typically affect an individual with a healthy immune system.

A. Oliguria B. Hypertension C. Bradycardia D. Peripheral edema

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Oliguria, or decreased urine output, is a common finding in hypovolemia due to reduced renal perfusion and decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
B. Hypertension is unlikely in hypovolemia; instead, clients typically exhibit hypotension due to decreased circulating blood volume.
C. Bradycardia is not a typical finding in hypovolemia; instead, tachycardia is more commonly observed as the body compensates for reduced blood volume.
D. Peripheral edema is associated with fluid overload rather than hypovolemia, as a decrease in blood volume usually leads to less fluid accumulation in the tissues.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a peanut allergy. The client ate peanut butter and is now experiencing anaphylaxis. Which of the following physiological responses should the nurse expect to occur?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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