A patient who has type 2 diabetes is scheduled for an oral endoscopy and has been NPO (nothing by mouth) since midnight. What is the best action by the nurse regarding the administration of her oral antidiabetic drugs?

Withhold all medications as ordered.

Contact the prescriber to clarify orders.

Administer half the original dose.

Give the medication with a sip of water.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because withholding all medications may cause hyperglycemia or ketoacidosis in the patient, especially if they are taking insulin or sulfonylureas. The nurse should consult with the prescriber to adjust the dose or timing of the medications according to the patient's blood glucose level and the duration of the procedure.

Choice B reason: This is correct because contacting the prescriber to clarify orders is the best action by the nurse, as the prescriber can provide specific instructions on how to manage the patient's oral antidiabetic drugs before and after the oral endoscopy. The nurse should also monitor the patient's blood glucose level closely and report any abnormal findings to the prescriber.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because administering half the original dose may not be appropriate for the patient, as it may cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia depending on the type and dose of the medication and the patient's blood glucose level. The nurse should not make any changes to the medication regimen without the prescriber's approval.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because giving the medication with a sip of water may violate the NPO status of the patient, which is necessary to prevent aspiration or interference with the oral endoscopy. The nurse should not administer any oral medications or fluids to the patient unless the prescriber allows it.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because nausea is not a common or serious adverse effect of estrogen therapy. However, the patient should take the estrogen with food or milk to prevent stomach upset.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because triglycerides are not affected by estrogen therapy. However, the patient should monitor their cholesterol and blood pressure levels regularly and follow a healthy diet and exercise regimen.

Choice C reason: This is correct because smoking and estrogen therapy are both risk factors for thrombosis, which is the formation of blood clots in the blood vessels. The patient should stop smoking and report any signs of thrombosis, such as leg pain, swelling, redness, or warmth, to the provider.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because bleeding during menstruation is not increased by estrogen therapy. However, the patient should report any abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as spotting, heavy bleeding, or prolonged bleeding, to the provider.

A. Consume a high-fat meal to increase the medication absorption. B. Take the medication 2 hours prior to sexual activity. C. Swallow the medication with grapefruit juice to improve the action. D. Avoid ingestion of the medication with nitrates because it causes hypotension.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Consuming a high-fat meal does not increase the medication absorption, but rather delays it. A high-fat meal can reduce the peak plasma concentration and prolong the onset of action of sildenafil.

Choice B reason: Taking the medication 2 hours prior to sexual activity is not the optimal timing, as sildenafil has a half-life of about 4 hours and reaches its peak effect within 30 to 120 minutes. The recommended dose is 50 mg taken as needed, approximately 1 hour before sexual activity.

Choice C reason: Swallowing the medication with grapefruit juice does not improve the action, but rather inhibits it. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of sildenafil and increase its plasma concentration and side effects.

Choice D reason: Avoiding ingestion of the medication with nitrates is the correct information, as it can cause a severe and potentially fatal drop in blood pressure. Nitrates are drugs used to treat angina and heart failure, and they can interact with sildenafil to cause vasodilation and hypotension.

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A patient who has type 2 diabetes is scheduled for an oral endoscopy and has been NPO (nothing by mouth) since midnight. What is the best action by the nurse regarding the administration of her oral antidiabetic drugs?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a follow-up visit, a patient who has been on estrogen therapy admits that she has continued to smoke cigarettes. The nurse will remind the patient that smoking while on estrogen may lead to increased:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is planning an educational program on sildenafil to a group of older male clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the educational program?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply)

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