A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Insulin glargine
Regular insulin
Insulin detemir
NPH insulin
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Insulin glargine is not the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is a long-acting insulin that has a duration of 24 hours and no peak effect. It is used to provide basal insulin coverage and prevent hyperglycemia.
Choice B reason: Regular insulin is the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is a short-acting insulin that has an onset of 30 to 60 minutes and a peak of 2 to 4 hours. It is used to lower the blood glucose level rapidly and correct the acidosis.
Choice C reason: Insulin detemir is also not the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is a long-acting insulin that has a duration of 12 to 24 hours and no peak effect. It is also used to provide basal insulin coverage and prevent hyperglycemia.
Choice D reason: NPH insulin is also not the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is an intermediate-acting insulin that has an onset of 2 to 4 hours and a peak of 4 to 12 hours. It is used to provide intermediate insulin coverage and prevent hyperglycemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: 0.2 tablets is not the correct answer. To convert mg to mcg, multiply by 1000. Therefore, 0.175 mg is equal to 175 mcg. To find the number of tablets, divide the dose by the amount available. Therefore, 175 mcg / 8 mcg = 21.875 tablets. Round this to the nearest whole number, which is 22 tablets.
Choice B reason: 2 tablets is not the correct answer. This is the result of dividing the dose by 100 instead of 1000, which is incorrect.
Choice C reason: 20 tablets is not the correct answer. This is the result of rounding down instead of up, which is incorrect.
Choice D reason: 22 tablets is the correct answer. This is the result of converting the dose to mcg, dividing by the amount available, and rounding to the nearest whole number.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because the client should avoid live vaccines while taking prednisone, as it can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infection.
Choice B reason: This is correct because prednisone can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) and bananas are a good source of potassium. The client should monitor their potassium levels and eat foods rich in potassium while taking prednisone.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because the client should avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin while taking prednisone, as they can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because a sore throat is not a common side effect of prednisone. However, the client should report any signs of infection, such as fever, sore throat, or cough, to the provider, as prednisone can mask the symptoms of infection.
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