A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. Which of these is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?

Immediate onset

Absence of rebound congestion

Shorter duration

More potent effect

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have an immediate onset. They take longer to act than nasal sprays because they have to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Nasal sprays act directly on the nasal mucosa and have a faster onset.

Choice B reason: This is correct because orally administered decongestants do not cause rebound congestion. Rebound congestion is a condition in which the nasal passages become more swollen and congested after the effect of the nasal spray wears off. This can lead to overuse and dependence on the nasal spray. Orally administered decongestants do not have this effect because they act systemically and not locally.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have a shorter duration. They have a longer duration than nasal sprays because they are metabolized more slowly by the liver. Nasal sprays have a shorter duration because they are eliminated more quickly by the nasal mucosa.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants are not more potent than nasal sprays. They have a similar potency, but they have a different mechanism of action. Orally administered decongestants act on the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction and reducing congestion. Nasal sprays act on the beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation and improving airflow.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is c. 2,525 mL.

Choice A reason:

1,350 mL is calculated by considering only the lactated Ringer’s IV intake. The calculation is as follows:

Lactated Ringer’s IV at 150 mL/hr for 9 hr: 150 mL/hr × 9 hr = 1,350 mL. This option does not include the intake from cefazolin, packed RBCs, sodium chloride boluses, or famotidine.

Choice B reason:

1,600 mL is not a correct calculation based on the given intake. This value does not accurately sum up any combination of the provided intake components.

Choice C reason:

2,525 mL is the correct total intake. The detailed calculation is:

Lactated Ringer’s IV at 150 mL/hr for 9 hr: 150 mL/hr × 9 hr = 1,350 mL.
Cefazolin in 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride: 100 mL.
Two units of packed RBCs: 275 mL + 250 mL = 525 mL.
Two IV bolus infusions of 250 mL of 6.0% sodium chloride: 250 mL + 250 mL = 500 mL.
Famotidine in 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride: 50 mL.

Adding these together: 1,350 mL + 100 mL + 525 mL + 500 mL + 50 mL = 2,525 mL.

Choice D reason:

2,100 mL is not a correct calculation based on the given intake. This value does not accurately sum up any combination of the provided intake components.

A. 0.2 tablets B. 2 tablets C. 20 tablets D. 22 tablets

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: 0.2 tablets is not the correct answer. To convert mg to mcg, multiply by 1000. Therefore, 0.175 mg is equal to 175 mcg. To find the number of tablets, divide the dose by the amount available. Therefore, 175 mcg / 8 mcg = 21.875 tablets. Round this to the nearest whole number, which is 22 tablets.

Choice B reason: 2 tablets is not the correct answer. This is the result of dividing the dose by 100 instead of 1000, which is incorrect.

Choice C reason: 20 tablets is not the correct answer. This is the result of rounding down instead of up, which is incorrect.

Choice D reason: 22 tablets is the correct answer. This is the result of converting the dose to mcg, dividing by the amount available, and rounding to the nearest whole number.

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A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. Which of these is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 0.175 mg PO once a day. The amount available is levothyroxine 8 mcg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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