A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply)

Tremors

Polydipsia

Confusion

Polyphagia

Polyuria

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C

Choice A reason: Tremors are a common sign of hypoglycemia, which occurs when the blood glucose level drops below 70 mg/dL. Hypoglycemia can cause shakiness, nervousness, and anxiety.

Choice B reason: Polydipsia, or excessive thirst, is not a manifestation of hypoglycemia, but rather of hyperglycemia, which occurs when the blood glucose level is too high. Hyperglycemia can cause dehydration, dry mouth, and increased urination.

Choice C reason: Confusion is another common sign of hypoglycemia, which can affect the brain's function and cognition. Hypoglycemia can cause dizziness, headache, difficulty concentrating, and impaired judgment.

Choice D reason: Polyphagia, or excessive hunger, is also not a manifestation of hypoglycemia, but rather of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can cause the body to break down muscle and fat for energy, resulting in weight loss and increased appetite.

Choice E reason: Polyuria, or excessive urination, is also not a manifestation of hypoglycemia, but rather of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can cause the kidneys to excrete excess glucose in the urine, leading to fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Consuming a high-fat meal does not increase the medication absorption, but rather delays it. A high-fat meal can reduce the peak plasma concentration and prolong the onset of action of sildenafil.

Choice B reason: Taking the medication 2 hours prior to sexual activity is not the optimal timing, as sildenafil has a half-life of about 4 hours and reaches its peak effect within 30 to 120 minutes. The recommended dose is 50 mg taken as needed, approximately 1 hour before sexual activity.

Choice C reason: Swallowing the medication with grapefruit juice does not improve the action, but rather inhibits it. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of sildenafil and increase its plasma concentration and side effects.

Choice D reason: Avoiding ingestion of the medication with nitrates is the correct information, as it can cause a severe and potentially fatal drop in blood pressure. Nitrates are drugs used to treat angina and heart failure, and they can interact with sildenafil to cause vasodilation and hypotension.

A. Expect to see a response from the medication within one week. B. Women should avoid touching this medication. C. PSA levels will increase while taking this medication. D. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice when taking this medication.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because the patient may not see a response from the medication for at least six months. The patient should continue taking the medication as prescribed and follow up with the provider regularly.

Choice B reason: This is correct because finasteride can cause birth defects in male fetuses if it is absorbed through the skin or ingested by pregnant women. The patient should wear gloves when handling the tablets and avoid contact with crushed or broken tablets.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because PSA levels will decrease while taking this medication. PSA stands for prostate-specific antigen, which is a marker for prostate cancer. The patient should inform the provider that they are taking finasteride before having a PSA test, as it may affect the results.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because grapefruit juice does not interact with finasteride. However, the patient should avoid alcohol and other medications that may affect the liver while taking finasteride.

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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