A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has asthma and is about to start taking theophylline (Theo-24). The nurse should tell the client that this medication might cause which of the following adverse effects?
Tachycardia
Drowsiness
Constipation
Oliguria
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Tachycardia is a possible adverse effect of theophylline, as it is a methylxanthine that stimulates the central nervous system and the cardiac muscle. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor their pulse rate and report any palpitations, chest pain, or irregular heartbeat.
Choice B reason: Drowsiness is not a likely adverse effect of theophylline, as it is a stimulant that increases alertness and energy. The nurse should caution the client to avoid taking the medication close to bedtime, as it may cause insomnia.
Choice C reason: Constipation is not a common adverse effect of theophylline, as it does not affect the gastrointestinal motility or secretion. The nurse should advise the client to maintain a balanced diet, adequate fluid intake, and regular exercise to prevent constipation.
Choice D reason: Oliguria is not a typical adverse effect of theophylline, as it does not impair the renal function or cause fluid retention. The nurse should encourage the client to drink enough fluids to prevent dehydration and maintain a normal urine output.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Tremors are a common sign of hypoglycemia, which occurs when the blood glucose level drops below 70 mg/dL. Hypoglycemia can cause shakiness, nervousness, and anxiety.
Choice B reason: Polydipsia, or excessive thirst, is not a manifestation of hypoglycemia, but rather of hyperglycemia, which occurs when the blood glucose level is too high. Hyperglycemia can cause dehydration, dry mouth, and increased urination.
Choice C reason: Confusion is another common sign of hypoglycemia, which can affect the brain's function and cognition. Hypoglycemia can cause dizziness, headache, difficulty concentrating, and impaired judgment.
Choice D reason: Polyphagia, or excessive hunger, is also not a manifestation of hypoglycemia, but rather of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can cause the body to break down muscle and fat for energy, resulting in weight loss and increased appetite.
Choice E reason: Polyuria, or excessive urination, is also not a manifestation of hypoglycemia, but rather of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can cause the kidneys to excrete excess glucose in the urine, leading to fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have an immediate onset. They take longer to act than nasal sprays because they have to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Nasal sprays act directly on the nasal mucosa and have a faster onset.
Choice B reason: This is correct because orally administered decongestants do not cause rebound congestion. Rebound congestion is a condition in which the nasal passages become more swollen and congested after the effect of the nasal spray wears off. This can lead to overuse and dependence on the nasal spray. Orally administered decongestants do not have this effect because they act systemically and not locally.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants do not have a shorter duration. They have a longer duration than nasal sprays because they are metabolized more slowly by the liver. Nasal sprays have a shorter duration because they are eliminated more quickly by the nasal mucosa.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because orally administered decongestants are not more potent than nasal sprays. They have a similar potency, but they have a different mechanism of action. Orally administered decongestants act on the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction and reducing congestion. Nasal sprays act on the beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation and improving airflow.
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