A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide regarding this type of insulin?
Insulin glargine has a duration of 6 to 10 hr.
Insulin glargine has a duration of 3 to 6 hr.
Insulin glargine has a duration of 16 to 24 hr.
Insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hr.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because insulin glargine has a longer duration than 6 to 10 hr. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady and continuous level of insulin in the blood. It is usually given once daily at the same time.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because insulin glargine has a longer duration than 3 to 6 hr. Insulin glargine is not a short-acting or rapid-acting insulin that peaks quickly and lasts for a few hours. It is a long-acting insulin that does not have a peak and lasts for up to 24 hr.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because insulin glargine has a longer duration than 16 to 24 hr. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that can last for up to 24 hr, but not more than that. It is not an ultra-long-acting insulin that can last for more than 24 hr.
Choice D reason: This is correct because insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hr. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady and continuous level of insulin in the blood. It is usually given once daily at the same time.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Insulin glargine is not the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is a long-acting insulin that has a duration of 24 hours and no peak effect. It is used to provide basal insulin coverage and prevent hyperglycemia.
Choice B reason: Regular insulin is the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is a short-acting insulin that has an onset of 30 to 60 minutes and a peak of 2 to 4 hours. It is used to lower the blood glucose level rapidly and correct the acidosis.
Choice C reason: Insulin detemir is also not the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is a long-acting insulin that has a duration of 12 to 24 hours and no peak effect. It is also used to provide basal insulin coverage and prevent hyperglycemia.
Choice D reason: NPH insulin is also not the type of insulin to use for diabetic ketoacidosis, as it is an intermediate-acting insulin that has an onset of 2 to 4 hours and a peak of 4 to 12 hours. It is used to provide intermediate insulin coverage and prevent hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is a. Alcohol.
Choice A: Alcohol
Reason: Alcohol can significantly affect blood glucose levels in patients taking glimepiride. Both hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) can occur depending on the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption. Alcohol can enhance the blood sugar-lowering effect of glimepiride, leading to a dangerous drop in blood sugar levels, known as hypoglycemia. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include dizziness, confusion, weakness, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. Therefore, it is advised to avoid alcohol while taking glimepiride.
Choice B: Milk
Reason: There are no known interactions between glimepiride and milk. Milk does not affect the absorption or efficacy of glimepiride. Therefore, it is generally safe to consume milk while taking this medication.
Choice C: Grapefruit juice
Reason: Grapefruit juice might theoretically increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9, including glimepiride, due to its potential to inhibit CYP2C9 enzymes. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans and is considered unlikely to have a significant clinical impact. Therefore, grapefruit juice is not a major concern for patients taking glimepiride.
Choice D: Coffee
Reason: Coffee and other caffeinated beverages may increase blood sugar levels, which can counteract the effects of glimepiride. However, this interaction is not as significant as the interaction with alcohol. It is generally advised to monitor blood sugar levels and consume coffee in moderation while taking glimepiride.
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