A patient is admitted to the hospital with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. The patient has a BG value of 987 mg/dL. Which is the priority focus while providing care?

Identifying age-related changes

Monitoring BG level

Establishing the presence of an illness

Improving hydration status

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. The priority focus in the acute management of hyperosmolar hyperglycemia is improving hydration status. Patients with HHS are severely dehydrated due to the osmotic diuresis caused by extremely high blood glucose levels. Rapid rehydration is critical to prevent shock, improve organ perfusion, and reduce blood glucose levels.
A. It's important to consider age-related changes in any patient but this is not the immediate priority in the acute management of hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. The primary concern is addressing the acute, life-threatening aspects of the condition.
B. Monitoring blood glucose levels is critical in managing hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. However, while it is essential to track the BG levels to guide insulin therapy and assess the response to treatment, it is not the immediate priority in terms of interventions needed to stabilize the patient initially.

C. Determining the underlying cause of hyperosmolar hyperglycemia, such as an infection or other illness, is important for comprehensive treatment. However, it is a secondary priority to stabilizing the patient’s current acute condition.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier over the ulcer site. It adheres to the ulcer, shielding it from the harmful effects of gastric acid, pepsin, and bile salts. This protection allows the ulcer to heal by preventing further irritation and damage.
B. Medications that prevent gastric acid secretion are typically proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 receptor antagonists. Sucralfate does not reduce or inhibit the production of gastric acid; instead, it protects the ulcer from the acid already present.
C. Antacids are the type of medication that neutralize gastric acid. Sucralfate does not neutralize acid; it acts locally at the ulcer site to create a protective coating.
D. Antibiotics are used to kill Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria often responsible for causing peptic ulcers. Sucralfate does not have antibacterial properties and does not target or eliminate bacteria.

A. "I will drink less fluid." B. "I will try not to gain weight" C. "I will sleep with the head of my bed elevated." D. “I will consume less caffeine and spicy foods." E. “I will lie down for one half hour after meals."

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

B. Maintaining a healthy weight is important for managing a hiatal hernia. Excess body weight can increase abdominal pressure and exacerbate symptoms. Weight loss, if necessary, can help reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms.
C. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus while sleeping. Gravity helps keep the stomach contents down, reducing the risk of acid reflux and associated symptoms.
D. Caffeine and spicy foods can irritate the stomach lining and exacerbate symptoms of hiatal hernia, such as heartburn and acid reflux. Reducing the intake of these foods can help manage symptoms.
A. This is not typically a recommendation for managing a hiatal hernia. Drinking fluids is important for overall health and digestion. However, it is advisable to avoid drinking large amounts of fluids quickly, especially with meals, as this can increase intra-abdominal pressure and worsen symptoms.
E. Lying down after meals can increase the risk of reflux and worsen symptoms of a hiatal hernia. It is generally recommended to remain upright for at least a couple of hours after eating to prevent reflux.

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A patient is admitted to the hospital with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. The patient has a BG value of 987 mg/dL. Which is the priority focus while providing care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a duodenal ulcer and a new prescription for sucralfate. The client asks the nurse how sucralfate works. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

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