The patient with emphysema comes to the emergency department with difficulty breathing. What finding should the nurse anticipate during data collection? Select all that apply

diminished breath sounds

ruddy skin color

use of accessory muscles

excess mucus production

barrel shaped chest

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Diminished breath sounds can occur in emphysema due to decreased air movement through damaged and enlarged air sacs (alveoli). The destruction of alveolar walls reduces the surface area available for gas exchange and can result in decreased breath sounds.
C. Patients with emphysema may use accessory muscles, such as neck and shoulder muscles, to assist with breathing during periods of respiratory distress. These muscles are recruited to help increase the size of the thoracic cavity and improve airflow.
E. A barrel-shaped chest is a common physical finding in patients with emphysema. It results from hyperinflation of the lungs and is characterized by an increased anterior-posterior diameter of the chest. This change in chest shape is due to air trapping in the lungs, leading to overinflation of the alveoli and increased residual volume.
B. Ruddy skin color, which refers to a reddish or flushed complexion, is not typically associated with emphysema. Instead, patients with emphysema may exhibit cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin) during periods of hypoxemia (low oxygen levels).
D. Excess mucus production (mucus hypersecretion) is a characteristic feature of chronic bronchitis, which is often present alongside emphysema in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but it is not typically a primary feature of emphysema itself.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

B. Maintaining a healthy weight is important for managing a hiatal hernia. Excess body weight can increase abdominal pressure and exacerbate symptoms. Weight loss, if necessary, can help reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms.
C. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus while sleeping. Gravity helps keep the stomach contents down, reducing the risk of acid reflux and associated symptoms.
D. Caffeine and spicy foods can irritate the stomach lining and exacerbate symptoms of hiatal hernia, such as heartburn and acid reflux. Reducing the intake of these foods can help manage symptoms.
A. This is not typically a recommendation for managing a hiatal hernia. Drinking fluids is important for overall health and digestion. However, it is advisable to avoid drinking large amounts of fluids quickly, especially with meals, as this can increase intra-abdominal pressure and worsen symptoms.
E. Lying down after meals can increase the risk of reflux and worsen symptoms of a hiatal hernia. It is generally recommended to remain upright for at least a couple of hours after eating to prevent reflux.

A. HR 110 bpm B. regular RR 24 breaths/min C. BP 94/56 mm Hg D. Glucose 460 mg/dl

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

HR: 110 bpm; regular - The heart rate has decreased from 115 bpm and is now regular, suggesting improved cardiac rhythm stability.

RR: 24 breaths/min; rapid, deep - The respiratory rate has decreased from 26 breaths/min, indicating less rapid breathing.

BP: 94/56 mm Hg - While the blood pressure remains relatively low, there is a slight improvement compared to the previous reading.

Glucose 460 mg/dl - The glucose level has decreased from 525 mg/dL and 530 mg/dL in previous readings. While still elevated, this indicates some improvement in hyperglycemia.

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The patient with emphysema comes to the emergency department with difficulty breathing. What finding should the nurse anticipate during data collection? Select all that apply

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary recommendations for a client who has a hiatal hernia. Which of the following client statements indicate understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

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