A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Clinical findings associated with this disease are
Bounding pedal pulses.
Pedal edema relieved with leg elevation.
Loss of leg hair and shiny skin.
Incompetent valves of the blood vessels in the leg.
The Correct Answer is C
A. In PAD, the pulses in the legs are often weak or absent, not bounding.
B. Pedal edema is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency rather than PAD, and elevating the legs may not alleviate the edema.
C. Loss of leg hair and shiny skin are classic signs of PAD due to reduced blood flow to the extremities, which leads to skin changes and hair loss.
D. Incompetent valves and venous insufficiency are more related to conditions such as chronic venous insufficiency, not PAD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chronic bronchitis leads to airway obstruction due to thickened bronchial walls and excess mucus production, resulting in entrapped air and impaired gas exchange.
B. While chronic inflammation is a component, thin secretions are not characteristic of chronic bronchitis; they are typically thick.
C. Decreased surface area of the alveolocapillary membrane is more relevant in emphysema, not specifically in chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways.
D. Respiratory alkalosis and decreased PCO2 are not indicative of chronic bronchitis; instead, respiratory acidosis is often seen due to airway obstruction and retention of CO2.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypokalemia causes hyperpolarization, not hypopolarization, making it more difficult for cells to reach an action potential.
B. Hypokalemia does not stimulate the vagus nerve but can lead to arrhythmias.
C. While hypokalemia can cause arrhythmias, it usually leads to tachycardia or other irregular rhythms rather than a bradycardic rate of 40 beats per minute.
D. Low potassium levels can lead to tachycardia (e.g., a heart rate of 150 beats per minute) and other dangerous arrhythmias due to increased irritability of cardiac cells.
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